69871 - Immunopathology and Veterinary Oncology

Learning outcomes

The teaching of"Immunopathology and veterinary oncology" aims to provide students with the intellectual tools to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of immunopathology and oncology.

At the end of study, student knows the underlying tissue damage mechanisms at the base of hypersensitivity reactions and transplant rejection, the mechanisms by which materialize autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies, and the development of tumors (morphology, invasiveness, metastasis) and the pathogenetic mechanism of neoplastic transformation. The student is able to recognize the main tumor types onhistological preparations.

Course contents

The module is part of the integrated course of "General pathology and physiopathology of domestic animals (7 CFU) with which it shares the educational objectives. At the end of the module 1 the student knows the pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to the establishment of alterations from purely functional to morphologically overt. The student knows the terminology that defines the regressive (atrophy, degeneration, apoptosis and necrosis) and inflammatory processes, and the notions related to their pathogenesis. He is able to apply the general concepts acquired to the physiopathology of the apparatus and to recognize, through histological preparations, the main lesions. At the end of module 2, the student knows the underlying tissue damage mechanisms at the base of hypersensitivity reactions and transplant rejection, the mechanisms by which materialize autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies, and the development of tumors (morphology, invasiveness, metastasis) and the pathogenetic mechanism of neoplastic transformation. The student is able to recognize the main tumor types onhistological preparations.

General oncology: benign and malignant neoplasms, molecular basis of cancer, protoncogenes alterations and tumor suppressor genes alterations, DNA repair, invasion and metastasis, host defense against tumors and tumor immunity, clinical aspects of neoplasia, grading and staging of tumors and laboratory diagnosis.

Immunopathology: immunodeficiency sindrome, hypersensitivity type I, II, III, IV, rejection of tissue transplants

The final exam will be verbalized by Prof. Benazzi.

The Syllabus of the course unit and the list of EAEVE Day One Competences that the course unit contributes to achieving can be viewed on the dedicated page.

Readings/Bibliography

Material explained in the classroom by the lecturer can be found on Virtuale.

necessary texts avaible in library.

Kumar V., Abbas A.K., Aster J.C. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic basis of disease, 10th ed, 2020 (Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia).

Stevens A., Lowe J.S., Young B.: Wheater Istopatologia essenziale - Testo Atlante. III Edizione, 2004 (Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano)

Zachary J.F. McGavin M.D.: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease,6th ed., 2016 (Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, USA).

Teaching methods

The teaching consists of academic (frontal) (20 hours) and practical lectures (6 x 4 hours);
The lectures are conducted in classroom with the aim of a computer, a projector and when necessary the use of a database of images (Noas'h Arkive), which allow the viewing of microscopic and macroscopic presented lesions. Many videos on youtube are also shown on the topics covered, videos are in English, so in addition to strengthening the visual memory thanks to the animations, the learning of the English language is practiced.
The practical lessons are organized by dividing the students into four groups, each of which will have the same practical hours. The tutorial will be held in a classroom equipped with optical microscopes and a microscope connected to a videocamera and to a projector for interactive explanation of the provided slides. For each slide, the student has at its disposal a card with a description of the preparation and the teacher is available to provide any additional explanation.
The aims of the practical lessons are twofold:
• students acquire familiarity with the optical microscope - acquisition of professional skills;
• students develop the ability to recognize organs and lesions and, to use the appropriate language when describing histological sample - acquisition of diagnostic skills and communication

Assessment methods

The examination consists of an oral examination that takes place simultaneously with the oral exam of "General Pathology and Pathophysiology of domestic animals", and a practical test which includes slides of both teachings.The two parts are held at the same time or sepatately. The three part must be overcome within 3 exam sessions.

 

a) practical test

The purpose of the practical test is to assess that the student is able to recognize an organ lesion and that he can describe it using appropriate terminology. It is based on the recognition of a histological preparation also in digital format, among those that the student had available during the practical lessons of General Pathology and pathophysiology of domestic animals and Immunopathology and general oncology, many preparations are also available on the didactic portal, on the site https://unibo.smartzoom.com/ and https://www.askjpc.org/vspo/. The practical test is passed when the candidate is given a positive judgment of suitability.

b) Written test


The purpose of the written test is to verify the acquisition of the knowledge required according to what is indicated in the objectives of the course, the test consists of 40 questions (multiple choice and open) to be answered in one hour of time. The test will be considered passed by the correct answer of at least 24 questions. The final mark of the integrated course of General Veterinary Pathology consists of the synthesis of the final evaluations of the various courses that compose it; the vote is immediately recorded.

Final Grade Grading:

Substantially comprehensive preparation on the topics covered in the course, ability to make independent choices of critical analysis and linking, full command of specific terminology, and ability to argue and self-reflect (30-30L).

Preparation on a large number of topics covered in the course, ability to make independent choices of critical analysis, mastery of specific terminology (25-29).

Preparation on a limited number of topics covered in the course and ability to analyze independently only on purely executive issues; expression in correct language (20-24).

Preparation on a very limited number of topics covered in the course and ability to analyze emerging only with the help of the lecturer; expression in overall correct language (18-19).

Students with DISABILITY or DSA, should contact the lecturer to have adaptations to the teaching in class phase or in the final evaluation phase, by email, entering in C/C the reference personnel by whom he/she is followed (of the appropriate DISABILITY or DSA service) and the Department contact person who is currently Prof. Fabiana Trombetti.

 

Teaching tools

Video projector, PC connected to a camera mounted on a light microscope, light microscopes, PC and youtube video, web site, didactic portal site.

Office hours

See the website of Barbara Brunetti