37193 - Histology and Embryology 2 (L-Z)

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course, the student is able to tackle, at the cellular and ultrastructural study, biomedical questions in relationship to specific regulatory mechanisms and their alterations. In particular, the student acquires preliminary preparatory skills that encourage an interdisciplinary approach to the continuation of the study of evidence-based medicine.

Course contents

Fertilization: sperm attraction, activation and penetration. Prevention of polyspermy.
Cleavage and the blastocyst stage. The trophoblast and the inner cell mass.
Implantation and decidual reaction. Two germ layer stage; yolk sac, amniotic cavity and extraembryonic celoma formations.
Gastrulation and the three embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) and molecular processes. The neural crest cells.
Craniocaudal and lateral foldings. Formation of intraembryonic coelom.
Endoderm derivatives: Facial and fharyngeal development.
Paraxial mesoderm derivatives: sclerotomes, myotomes and dermatomes.
Lateral mesoderm derivatives: limb development.
Ectoderm derivates: neural tube development.

Placenta and extraembryonic membranes: amniotic membrane, chorion and placenta, umbilical cord, allantois.

Readings/Bibliography

Armato U. EMBRIOLOGIA UMANA Ed. Idelson-Gnocchi
De Felice M. EMBRIOLOGIA UMANA Ed. Piccin
Moore K.L. LO SVILUPPO PRENATALE DELL'UOMO Edra

Sadler T.W. EMBRIOLOGIA MEDICA di Langman Ed Elsevier
Barbieri M., Carinci P. EMBRIOLOGIA Ed. CEA

Teaching methods

The course consists of 2 UC of Embryology which aim to make students acquire the topics described in detail in the program.

Assessment methods

The learning assessment will include the examination of slides at  that is introductory to the oral exam. Students that fail in the examination are not admitted to the oral exam. The oral exam is about Cytology, Histology and Embryology in according the contents published in Histology and Embryology 1 and Histology and Embryology 2 courses. A low mark in one of the three parts precludes the whole exam. The student can choose to keep the mark of examination of slides (valid until December 2021) or to repeat it. In the opinion of the examiners, the final assessment will be the weighed average of the three results.
The online registration to the examination is mandatory.

Gradation of the grade:

Preparation on a very limited number of topics covered in the course and analytical skills that emerge only with the help of the teacher, expressed in an overall correct language → 18-19;

Preparation on a limited number of topics covered in the course and ability to autonomous analysis only on purely executive matters, expression in correct language → 20-24;

Preparation on a large number of topics covered in the course, ability to make independent choices of critical analysis, mastery of specific terminology → 25-29;

Basically, exhaustive preparation on the topics covered in the course, ability to make autonomous choices of critical analysis and connection, full mastery of specific terminology and ability to argue and self-reflection → 30-30L.

Teaching tools

Power point presentations that will be available online as downloadable content through the online Platform for teaching support service.

Office hours

See the website of Francesco Alviano