- Docente: Raffaella Di Sante
- Credits: 6
- SSD: ING-IND/12
- Language: Italian
- Teaching Mode: Traditional lectures
- Campus: Bologna
- Corso: Second cycle degree programme (LM) in Mechanical Engineering (cod. 0938)
Learning outcomes
The course aims at providing notions related to the selection, use and performance of different types of sensors, either traditional or advanced, for the measurement of mechanical and thermal quantities. Signal conditioning and acquisition techniques will also be treated, as well as modern virtual instrumentation for signal processing. The course includes hands-on lessons on the use and application of some of the sensors presented during the course and their interfacing to data acquisition systems.
Course contents
Measurement performance of sensors
Measurement systems configurations: active and passive sensors, analog and digital sensors, principal and interfering inputs. Static characteritics of sensors: static calibration, measurement uncertainty and reference regulations. Dynamic characteristics of a sensor: transfer functions, order I and II sensors, basics of signal analysis.
Dimension, displacement and velocity measurements
Callipers, potentiometres, LVDTs, piezoelectric, capacitance and optical proximity sensors. Incremental and absolute encoders. Lase Doppler interferometers and velocimeters.
Absolute displacement, velocity and acceleration measurements
Sismometers. Accelerometers and piezoelectric accelerometers. Accelerometer calibration.
Deformation measurements
Strain gages. Resistance strain gages: types, applications, manufacturing and fixing of sheet strain gages, Wheatstone bridge, temperature effect, strain measurement configurations. Modern optical strain gages: fiber Bragg gratings, distributed measurement techniques.
Force, torque and power measurements
Scales and piezolelectric and strain gage load cells. Torquemeters. Mechanical, hydraulic and magnetic dynamometers.
Pressure measurements
Manometers, piezoelectric, piezoresistive and capacitive pressure sensors. Sound pressure and intensity gages.
Flow velocity and rate measurements
Pitot tube, hot wire anemometry, Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Flow rate sensors: pressure-based, mechanical, electromagnetic and ultrasonic flow meters.
Temperature measurements
Thermometers e thermocouples. Thermoresistances e thermistors. Optical fibers. Infrared methods: pyrometers and infrared cameras.
Readings/Bibliography
Testo di riferimento:
E.O. Doebelin, Strumenti e Metodi di misura , McGraw Hill
Altri testi:
R. Figliola, D. Beasley, Theory and design for Mechanical Measurements, Ed. Wiley&Sons
G. Minelli, "Misure meccaniche", Patron
Teaching methods
Teaching is divided into lectures in the classroom and hands-on lessons useful to get a deeper insight of some of the topics treated in the course.
Assessment methods
The assessment of learning outcomes is done through a written examination. The latter aims at verifying knowledge acquired during the course, related to the execution of measurements under both static and dynamic conditions, and the operation and calibration of instruments analysed during the course. The written test consists of three open questions. If the event of full pass, the obtained grade can be confirmed or an oral examination taken.
Teaching tools
Videoprojector, pc.
Office hours
See the website of Raffaella Di Sante