91259 - ARCHITECTURES AND PLATFORMS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Conoscenze e abilità da conseguire

Al termine dell'attività formativa, lo studente ha una comprensione approfondita dei requisiti computazionali di workload dei metodi di machine learning. Lo studente conosce le principali architetture per accelerare tali workload, le principali architetture eterogenee per embedded machine learning, e le principali piattaforme in ambiente cloud per fornire supporto specifico ad applicazioni di machine/deep learning.

Contenuti

Module 1 (for students of 93398 and 91259, by Prof. L. Benini)

1. From ML to DNNs - a computational perspective
   1. Introduction to key computational kernels (dot-product, matrix multiply...)
   2. Inference vs training - workload analysis characterization
   3. The NN computational zoo: DNNs, CNNs, RNNs, GNNs, Attention-based Networks
2. Running ML workloads on programmable processors
   1. recap of processor instruction set architecture (ISA) with focus on data processing
   2. improving processor ISAs for ML: RISC-V and ARM use cases
   3. fundamentals of parallel processor architecture and parallelization of ML workloads
3. Algorithmic optimizations for ML
   1. Key bottlenecks taxonomy of optimization techniques
   2. Algorithmic techniques: Strassen, Winograd, FFT
   3. Topology optimization: efficient NN models - depthwise convolutions, inverse bottleneck, introduction to Neural Architectural Search

Module 2 (for students of 93398, by Prof. F. Conti)

1. Representing data in Deep Neural Networks
   1. Recap of canonical DNN loops – a tensor-centric view
   2. Data quantization in Deep Neural Networks
   3. Brief notes on data pruning
2. From training to software-based deployment
   1. High-performance embedded systems (NVIDIA Xavier, Huawei Ascend)
   2. Microcontroller-based systems (STM32)
3. From software to hardware acceleration
   1. Principles of DNN acceleration: spatial and temporal data reuse; dataflow loop nests and taxonomy; data tiling
   2. The Neural Engine zoo: convolvers, matrix product accelerators, systolic arrays – examples from the state-of-the-art

Module 2 (for students of 91259, by Prof. G. Zavattaro)

Introduction to parallel programming.

Parallel programming patterns: embarassingly parallel, decomposition, master/worker, scan, reduce, ...

Shared-Memory programming with OpenMP.

OpenMP programming model: the “omp parallel” costruct, scoping costructs, other work-sharing costructs.

Some examples of applications.

Testi/Bibliografia

Refer to Virtuale

Metodi didattici

Frontal Lectures for theory. In addition, both Module 1 and Module 2 will include hands-on sessions requiring a student laptop.

Modalità di verifica e valutazione dell'apprendimento

Written exam with oral discussion

Strumenti a supporto della didattica

Refer to Virtuale

Orario di ricevimento

Consulta il sito web di Luca Benini

Consulta il sito web di Gianluigi Zavattaro