00981 - History of Science

Learning outcomes

The course provides an introduction to the history of science and technology and aims at reconstructing the main material, intellectual and institutional factors of the development of science since Renaissance Europe

Course contents

Course title: "Science and art in Italy from the Renaissance to the modern age"

The course is set out in an introduction to the history of science with particular emphasis on its methodological aspects and in a reconstruction of the main physical, intellectual and institutional factors that have characterized the scientific knowledge in Europe from the Renaissance to the modern age.The course will be specifically committed to the history of the naturalistic collections, the scientific tools, and the practices relating to the exploitation of objects and other artefacts of historical, scientific and technological interest. In this regard, the collections of the Musei di Palazzo Poggi in Bologna will be examined, and they will be the subject of a specific seminar. The seminar aims to illustrate the birth of experimental science in Bologna during the 18th century within the context of the Istituto dell’Accademia delle Scienze (the Institution of the Academy of Science), with particular reference to the organisation of the new laboratories and to the modern view of scientific tools.

Main topics:

• The Book and scientific communication

• The legacy of Euclid: the invention of perspective 

• Ptolemy's authority: Astronomy and cosmography.

• Earth globes and celestial globes: Vincenzo Maria Coronelli

• Science and art: the representation of the body; of botany and technical drawing

• Science Museums: from the study, to the rooms of wonders, to the naturalistic museums. The case of Ulisse Aldrovandi.

• The collecting of the Medici: the hall of the geographical maps of Palazzo Vecchio; the cosmography of Cosimo I; The study of Palazzo Vecchio by Francesco I; The cosmography room of Ferdinando I

• The astronomical revolution: Copernicus, Galileo Galilei

• The Academies: Lincei and Cimento

• The sciences of war

• Luigi Ferdinando Marsili and the Academy of Sciences of the Bologna Institute

• The medical ceroplasty in Bologna: from objects to instruments. The case of Anna Morandi Manzolini.

• Laura Bassi Veratti's laboratory: tools of 18th-century physics. Electricity and electric machines

• The laboratory for private study at the institution The laboratories: the case of Antoine Lavoisier

• Science and technology between seven and eight hundred: the London Universal Exposition of 1851

Participation in the lessons is recommended

On the first day of class the teacher will verify that this program has been read and understood in all its parts. Students are advised to obtain teaching materials before classes start.

Non-attending students will be able to recover what was said in class using the texts in the program and the material uploaded on the digital platform. The program for non-attending students, who are enrolled in the School of Letters and cultural Heritage, is the same.

Students enrolled in another school and who can not attend are asked to contact the teacher.

 

Receipt: During the period of the lessons the teacher receives, by appointment to be fixed by writing to the address sandra.linguerri@unibo.it, on Thursday from 2 to 3 pm at Palazzo Corradini Via Angelo Mariani, 5 - Ravenna.

Outside the lectures period the teacher receives Monday from 10 to 11 - by appointment to be fixed by writing to the address sandra.linguerri@unibo.it - in his own studio in Via Zamboni 38, Bologna, II floor (studio 4.07)

 

Period: II semester

Schedules, classrooms, start date of lessons: The course follows the educational calendar of the School of Arts and Cultural Heritage. Beginning of the course, schedules and classrooms will be published by the Educational Office of the School

It is strongly recommended that you look assiduously at the notices that the teacher puts on his site to report any changes to the calendar.

Readings/Bibliography

The following textbooks are indicated as reference study material necessary for the examination, that is, they constitute the teaching material. The texts are on the market and / or present in the Classense library of Ravenna. 

 

M. Beretta, Storia materiale della scienza, Carocci, Roma, 2017

F. Camerota, M. Miniati, I Medici e le Scienze. Strumenti e macchine nelle collezioni granducali, Giunti, Firenze, 2008, pp. 59-89; 141-152; 167-185;205-217; 221-228; 229-247; 249- 281; 285-323, 327-335. 301-305; 327-335.(exhibition catalog with many images)

P. Bianucci, Storia sentimentale dell'astronomia, Longanesi, Milano, 2012, pp. 19-31; 38-110.

G. Holton, Le responsabilità della scienza, Laterza, Roma-Bari, 1993, capitolo settimo.

W. Tega, Introduzione, in Anatomie accademiche. I Commentari dell'Accademia delle scienze di Bologna, vol I, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1986, pp. 9-43.

A.A.V.V., Il teatro della natura di Ulisse Aldrovandi, Editrice Compositori Bologna, 2001, pp. 9-50; pp. 56-59; 83-115.

M. Focaccia, La ceroplastica medica a Bologna: da oggetti a strumenti, in Una scienza bolognese? Figure e percorsi nella storiografia della scienza, a cura di A. Angelini, M. Beretta, G. Olmi, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2015, pp. 207-222.

Reading and commentary in the class of selected pages of the following classic in the history of science::

A. Koyré, Dal mondo del pressapoco all'universo della precisione, qualunque edizione.

During the lessons we will refer to contents on the following website:

Museo Galielo Firenze https://www.museogalileo.it/; Museo di Palazzo Poggi Bologna www.sma.unibo.it/it/il-sistema-museale/museo-di-palazzo-poggi

 

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons.Active participation is encouraged, including asking questions and discussing issues to be expanded on. Lectures will alternate with seminars; students will have the opportunity to attend conferences given by experts, to watch videos and explore websites, and to visit museums and/or libraries. At the end of each lesson, 15 minutes will be dedicated to questions, requests for clarification, etc.

A visit to the Museums of Palazzo Poggi in Bologna is scheduled. Day and time will be announced at the beginning of the lesson.

For those who attended and participated in the visit to Palazzo Poggi there is an essay (optional) on a topic agreed with the teacher one of the rooms visited to be delivered to the teacher at least ten days before the date on which the exam is to be held. With the essay you can achieve maximum three points, which will add up to the vote of the oral.

On the digital platform will be published useful information for the drafting of the term paper.

Assessment methods

Oral exam of about 30 minutes

The oral examination aims to evaluate the critical and methodological abilites developed by the student.

The exam will be structured in 2 parts: 1) two brief notional questions, to check the careful reading and the knowledge of the exam texts ; 2) Two / three open questions of more general-interpretative cutting.

The assignment will be marked on the basis of the student’s ability to gather and select the appropriate information to be able to effectively illustrate and link topics and issues

Specifically :

The achievement of an organic and articulate view, the detailed knowledge of the sources, the ability to critically analyze the arguments put forward and the appropriate use of language will result in excellent marks (28-30L). A correct knowledge of the sources, but no critical analysis, and an appropriate use of the language, but at times imprecise, will result in a good mark (25-27). Mnemonic learning of the subject, ability to synthesize but inability to critically elaborate on the topic, appropriate use of language but no use of specific language will result in a fair mark (22-24). Minimal knowledge of the course and/or inappropriate use of language will result in low marks (18-21). Severe lack of knowledge, severely inappropriate use of language and lack of critical thinking and organization skills will result in a fail.

The use of textbooks, notes or any electronic device is not allowed during the examination.

 

Teaching tools

PowerPoint (they constitute an aid to the lesson and not educational material and therefore will not be distributed. The teaching material is the one indicated under the heading Texts / Bibliography and the one made available on the digital platform), DVD and scientific documentaries, website, visit museums.

Office hours

See the website of Sandra Linguerri