29925 - Organic Chemistry

Learning outcomes

the student will get basic knowledge about the structure, properties, syntheses and reactions of the main industrially interesting groups of organic compounds.

Course contents

The organic chemistry and its scientific and industrial importance for the food industry and biotechnology: the "biorefinery" as an alternative to fossil fuels.

The formulas of organic compounds and their graphical representation.

The classification of organic compounds. The conventional and rational IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.

The aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons: structure, nomenclature, physical properties, preparation and reactivity. Functional organic compounds: nomenclature, physical properties and reactivity.

The isomerism in organic chemistry: structural isomerism and stereoisomerism; the R, S and E, Z classifications.

Organic reactions and their yields. Basics from thermodynamic and chemical kinetic. The mechanism of organic reactions: General principles and thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. The inductive, steric and resonance effects.

Heterocyclic compounds, aromatic and non aromatic.

Halogenated organic compounds. Alcohols and phenols. Ethers and epoxides. Thioethers, thiols and other sulfur organic derivatives. Amines and other organic fertilizers. Aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Transposition reactions.

Polymers

Definition, characteristics and importance. The monomer unit (Constitutional Repeating Unit, CRU) and the macromolecule. The polyaddition and polycondensation polymerization: nods to their mechanisms.

The degree of polymerization, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. Homopolymers and copolymers: different types of copolymers.

Linear macromolecules, ramified and crosslinked. Amorphous and crystalline structures structures.

Nods to the relationship between the structure of macromolecules and polymer properties. The isomerism and the shape of macromolecules: inter-chain links.

The classifications of polymers and most important polymers.

The toxicity of chemicals

The toxicity of chemicals: toxic, harmful, dangerous substances,. The classification of toxicity and its effects. Toxicity by contact, ingestion, inhalation. Factors influencing the toxicity. Assessment and quantification of toxicity. The risks arising from physical agents.

The principles of health protection.

Readings/Bibliography

Suggested literature:

La Chimica Organica:

J. McMurray - Fondamenti di Chimica Organica - Ed. Zanichelli, Bologna.

I Polimeri:

G. Malucelli e N. Penazzi - Elementi di Chimica per l'Ingegneria - Cap. 27 - Ed. Leprotto

e Bella, Torino

La tossicità delle sostanze chimiche :

L. Bruzzi - Prevenzione e controllo dell'impatto ambientale - Cap. 3 - Ed. CLUEB,

Bologna

Appunti e Schemi su argomenti specifici, distribuiti o indicati a lezione.

reference texts

N. L. Allinger et al. - Chimica Organica - Ed. Zanichelli, Bologna, o altri testi

equivalenti.

A. L. Lehninger, D. L. Nelson e M. M. Cox - Introduzione alla Biochimica - Ed.

Zanichelli, Bologna

S. Bruecker et al. - Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali polimerici - Ed- EdiSES, Napoli

N. I. Sax - Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials - Ed. Van Nostrand, New York.

Teaching methods

the Course consists of 60 hours of frontal lectures.

Assessment methods

the examination consists in a written test

Teaching tools

The following supporting materials will be proposed during the lectures: slides, schemes and some notes, which will integrate some text. the materials are provided to the students

Office hours

See the website of Lorenzo Bertin