38838 - Physics

Learning outcomes

At the end of the module, the student is familiar with the study of physical phenomena with special reference to the biomedical field; is able to solve physical problems inherent in topics of the orthopedic technician profession: scalar, vector, constant, time-varying and periodic quantities. Representation in the time and frequency domains. Kinematics, dynamics electrical phenomena and recalls of electromagnetism.

Course contents

1 DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICS: the scientific method.

1.1 Physical Quantities and Physical Laws.

1.2 Fundamental and derived units of measurement. International System

1.3 Measurement Errors.

1.4 Scalar and vector Physical Quantities.

2 KINEMATICS: the motion of bodies.

2.1 Displacement, velocity acceleration

2.2 Uniform rectilinear motion

2.3 Uniformly accelerated motion

2.4 Uniform circular motion

3 DYNAMICS: forces

3.1 Laws of dynamics

3.2 Forces: vector representation, composition and decomposition

3.3 Gravitational force, constraining reactions, forces of inertia.

3.4 Equilibrium of levers.

3.5 Levers of the human body

4 WORK.

4.1 Kinetic energy and potential energy.

4.2 Conservation of mechanical energy.

4.3 Power

4.4 Baropodometric platform

5 THERMOLOGY.

5.1 Heat and temperature

5.2 Propagation of heat

5.3 Temperature and state of aggregation of matter. Changes of state.

5.4 Thermoregulation of living organisms. Metabolism.

5.5 Principles of thermodynamics.

6 MATTER.

6.1 Solids

6.2 Liquids

6.2.1 Pressure

-Example of pressure measurement: baropodometric platform

6.2.2 Density specific gravity

6.2.3 Surface tension and its consequences

6.2.4 Viscosity and its consequences

6.2.5 Motion of a viscous liquid in a duct

6.2.6 Motion of particles in a viscous liquid

6.3 Gases

6.3.1 Equilibrium states and thermodynamic transformations

6.3.2 Laws of perfect gases

6.3.3 Outlines of thermodynamics

6.3.4 Entropy

7. ELECTROMAGNETISM

7.1 Electrical phenomena

7.1.1 Electric charge and Coulomb's law

7.1.2 Electrostatic field and electric potential

7.1.3 Electric current and Ohm's laws

7.1.4 Production of a magnetic field

7.2 Magnetic phenomena

7.2.1 Magnetic field

7.2.2 Biot-Savart's law

7.2.3 Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's Law

7.3 Variable electric and magnetic fields

7.3.1 The electrical transformer

7.3.2 Alternating current generators

7.3.3 Direct current power supplies

7.4 Bioelectricity

8. ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Structure of the atomic nucleus.

Isotopes and nuclides.

9. IONIZING RADIATION.

9.1 The phenomenon of ionization. Classification of ionizing radiation.

9.2 Radioactivity.

9.3 Main types of nuclear decay.

9.4 Law of radioactive decay.

9.5 Activity and half-life.

9.6 Interaction of particles and ionizing radiation with biological structures.

9.7 The biological damage of ionizing radiation.

9.8 X-rays

9.9 Principles of dosimetry.

10. OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES

10.1 The oscillations

10.2 The waves

10.3 Acoustics

10.4 Ultrasounds

10.5 Doppler effect

10.6 Periodic phenomena and Fourier's Theorem

Readings/Bibliography

Texts/Bibliography
The lecturer makes the material used in lectures for the theoretical part and exercises available online.

Fundamental will be the use of a reference text, among several available in university libraries:

· E. Ragozzino, “Elementi di Fisica”, Edises.

· Castellani G, Remodni D, “Elementi di Fisica in Medicina e Biologia”, Bononia University Press

· Scannicchio D. “Fisica Biomedica”, Edises (per un livello più approfondito)

· L. Nitti, "1000 DRSM di Fisica", Casa editrice Ambrosiana.

 

Teaching methods

Teaching Methods.
Blackboard lectures, PowerPoint slide show, tutorials.

Assessment methods

Final written quiz test with possible oral integration. The written test consists of 24 multiple choice questions, 12 theory and 12 exercises. The total score allows the achievement of 30/30 with honors.

Teaching tools

Classroom lectures will be supplemented by the guided performance of exercises. The final lecture will partly cover a mock examination with multiple choice questions.

Office hours

See the website of Claudia Testa