32207 - Seminar 2 (RN)

Learning outcomes

At the end of the module the student possesses the knowledge and ability to understand the main pathologies of medical-sports interest, the adaptations induced by the practice of physical exercise, the instrumental diagnostic aspects, the functional evaluation and the specific physiotherapeutic treatment.

Course contents

INTRODUCTION
The sporting subject
Classification of sports
Energy supply mechanisms (outlines of energy systems)
Motor skills (conditional skills; joint mobility; coordination skills)
Athlete classifications (amateur, non-competitive, competitive, professional activity)
The physiotherapist in the sports field
The “sports bar”: beliefs and prejudices about sport and rehabilitation

MUSCLE INJURIES
Definition
Epidemiology
Mechanisms of injury
Notes on the physiology of skeletal muscle healing
Classifications of muscle injuries
Clinical examination
Complications of muscle injuries
Risk factors
Prevention
Role of exercise
Conservative treatment of different types of muscle injuries

Hamstring syndrome
Definition
Mechanism of injury and predisposing factors
Clinical examination
Rehabilitation path
Return to play and Return to training
Practical strengthening and stretching exercises
Practical exercise on the FIFA 11+ protocol


OVERUSE INJURIES
General information (definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis)
Symptoms
Rehabilitation treatment
Prevention

Stress fractures
Definition, etiology, risk factors
Localizations
Rehabilitation treatment

Low back pain in athletes
Definition and relationship with the different sports disciplines
Etiology (acute trauma, overload)
Predisposing and risk factors
Classification and evaluation
Conservative rehabilitation treatment
Practical mobilization, muscle strengthening and stretching exercises

Shoulder overhead
Definition and characteristics
Causes
Rehabilitation treatment in the different phases of the process
Practical stretching exercises and neuromuscular control of the shoulder

Pubalgia (groin pain syndrome)
Definition and terminology
Etiology and risk factors
Assessment
Rehabilitation path
Practical exercise on: “adductor strengthening program (Copenhagen Adductor (CA) exercise)
Practical exercise on: Holmich and modified Holmich protocol
Prevention

Achilles tendinopathy
Characteristics of the Achilles tendon
Etiology and risk factors
Assessment
Rehabilitation treatment
Practical exercise to strengthen and stretch the triceps surae


TRAINING AND ADMINISTRATION OF THERAPEUTIC PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Definitions
Objectives, contents, means and methods of training
Adaptation principle and overload principle
Principles of physical exercise prescription
Characterization of the extent of training load:
volume (repetitions and sets)
intensity: maximum single repetition 1-RM and multiple repetitions; dose/response, training zones, precautions
frequency
duration
rest interval
exercise mode
operating speed
Principle of supercompensation and its applications in training practice
General, fundamental and special principles of physical training
Transfers
Reversibility principle
Traditional training theory and limitations
Block periodization
Phases of the training / exercise session:
Heating (warm up)
Fundamental part
Cool down


STRENGTH OR RESISTANCE TRAINING
Elements of functional performance: strength, power, endurance
Strength training principles
Elements of a resistance program
Isometric or static exercise: rationale, indications, types, characteristics, precautions and contraindications
Isotonic or dynamic exercise: rationale for concentric/eccentric exercise, characteristics and effects (constant and variable resistance), precautions
Isokinetic exercise: characteristics, effects, progression
Plyometric exercise: effects, indications, criteria, precautions
Equipment: Free weights, Variable resistance equipment, Elastic resistances
Outlines of progressive resistance exercises (PRE)
Circuit weight training
General precautions for strength exercises (breathing, overtraining, exercise-induced muscle soreness, contraindications)
Practise


STRETCHING
Definition
Indications and contraindications of stretching
Benefits and advantages of stretching
Mechanical responses of the muscle to stretching and immobilization
Stretch Determinants: Alignment, Stabilization, Stretch Intensity, Stretch Duration, Stretch Speed, Stretch Frequency, mMode of Stretch
Types of stretching exercises:
Static and static progressive stretching
Intermittent (cyclic) stretching
Dynamic
Ballistic
Stretching techniques based on PNF principles (Hold-relax (HR), Contract-relax (CR); Hold-relax with agonist contraction (HR-AC) (CRAC))
Applications: manual stretching, self stretching, mechanical stretching
Precautions and errors
Strength and flexibility
Practical exercises on different stretching techniques

 

THE RACE
Running cycle
Features of the race
Variables and influences of running mechanics
Back to racing
Coordinating gaits
Technical paces
Progression in running drills
Practical gait exercises and return to running exercises

N.B. In consideration of the types of activities and teaching methods adopted, attendance of this training activity requires all students to carry out modules 1 and 2 in e-learning mode and participate in the third specific training module on safety and health in places of study/internship.

Readings/Bibliography

The reference and in-depth texts are indicated in the lesson slides

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons

Individual and group practical exercises

Assessment methods

Design of rehabilitation projects, management and practical implementation of exercises based on the indications given during the lessons.

Teaching tools

Video projector, gym and field equipment.

Office hours

See the website of Florence Di Muro