31841 - SVILUPPO POLITICO NELL'AFRICA SUBSAHARIANA (SEMINARIO)

Conoscenze e abilità da conseguire

Obiettivo del corso è quello di fornire gli strumenti necessari ad intraprendere unanalisi critica degli snodi storici e delle problematiche politiche legate al processo di costruzione dello stato-nazione in Africa nella fase postcoloniale. Al termine del corso lo studente è in grado di analizzare le cause dei conflitti armati unitamente agli effetti dell'applicazione dei programmi di lotta alla povertà e dei modelli di trasformazione della governance in Africa.

Contenuti

Si consiglia la lettura preliminare del testo: F. Cooper, Africa contemporanea, Roma, Carocci, 2021.

1, 2 e 3) Formazione e crisi dello stato

Letture per tutti:

A. Pallotti (2013), Alla ricerca della democrazia. L'Africa sub-sahariana tra autoritarismo e sviluppo, Soveria Mannelli, Rubbettino (capitoli: 1, 2, 6, 7).

4) I processi di democratizzazione

Letture per tutti:

1) K. Ochieng’Opalo(2024), ‘The Truth about Africa’s Coup’, in Journal of Democracy, vol. 35, n. 2.

2) P. VonDoepp (2019), Civil Society, in G. Lynch (ed), Routledge Handbook of Democratization in Africa, Oxford, Taylor & Francis.

3) Resnick, D. E. (2017), Populism in Africa, in The Oxford Handbook of Populism, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

5) e 6) I processi di democratizzazione: i casi nazionali

Letture per presentazioni:

1) Cheeseman, N, Kanyinga, K, Lynch, G & Willis, J (2024), 'Has Kenya Democratized? Institutional strengthening and contingency in the 2022 general elections', in Journal of Eastern African Studies. Vol. 18. n. 2.

2) P. Lockwood (2023), Hustler Populism, Anti-Jubilee Backlash And Economic Injustice In Kenya’s 2022 Elections, in African Affairs, vol. 122, n. 487.

2) Sebastian van Baalen, Abel Gbala (2023), Patterns of Electoral Violence During Côte D’Ivoire’s Third-Term Crisis, African Affairs, vol. 122, Issue 488.

3) J. Cho (2024), Decentring foreign peace mediation in the case of Cameroon’s Anglophone Crisis, African Affairs, vol. 123, Issue 493.

4) Okpanachi E. (2023), Economic Reforms and Human Development in Post-Military Nigeria: A Critical Assessment, in: Adebanwi W, ed. Democracy and Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: Governance, Political Economy, and Party Politics 1999-2023, Boydell & Brewer.

7) Il decentramento

Letture per tutti:

1) D. Olowu (1999), Local Governance, Democracy and Development, in R. Joseph (ed), State, Conflict, and Democracy in Africa, Lynne Rienner, Boulder.

2) A. Poteete (2019), The Capacity of Decentralization to Promote Democracy and Development in Africa. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.700.

8) Decentramento: i casi nazionali

Letture per presentazioni:

1) J. Ayeko-Kümmeth (2024), In the shadow of institutionality: assessing Uganda’s accountability mechanisms at local government level, in Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 58, n. 2, https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2024.2354453

2) N. L. Kuditchar, (2022), Decoding the Paradox of Decentralization with Centralized Characteristics in Democratic Ghana, in P. Adjei, S. Adu-Gyamfi (eds), Democratic Decentralization, Local Governance and Sustainable Development. Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer, Cham.

3) Ambrose Theobald Kessy (2023), Decentralization and administrative discretion in Tanzania: An analysis of administrative discretion on human resources, finance and service delivery, in Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 8, Issue 1.

4) Madaha, R. M. (2022), Decentralisation and the empowerment of local communities in Tanzania with special focus on water issues, in Educational Action Research, 32(3).

5) A. Bezares Calderon, P. Englebert, L. Jené (2021), When decentralisation undermines representation: ethnic exclusion and state ownership in DR Congo’s new provinces, in Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 59, n. 2.

9) La questione della terra

Letture per tutti:

1) P. Peters, Land Appropriation, Surplus People and a Battle over Visions of Agrarian Futures in Africa, in «Journal of Peasant Studies », vol. 40, n. 3, 2013, pp. 537-562.

2) Boone, C. (2019), Land-Related Conflict and Electoral Politics in Africa. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, https://oxfordre.com/politics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228637-e-758.

10) La questione della terra: i casi nazionali

Letture per presentazioni:

1) Stein, H., Odgaard, R., Askew, K. and Maganga, F. (2024), The World Bank and Rural Land Titling in Africa: The Case of Tanzania, Development and Change, vol. 55, n. 6.

2) Amanor, K.S. (2022), Land Administration, Chiefs, and Governance in Ghana, in Takeuchi, S. (eds) African Land Reform Under Economic Liberalisation, Springer, Singapore.

3) Soboka, T.E. (2022), Post-cold War Ethiopian Land Policy and State Power in Land Commercialisation, in Takeuchi, S. (eds) African Land Reform Under Economic Liberalisation, Springer, Singapore.

11) Africa australe: democrazia, terra e lotta alla povertà

Letture per tutti:

1) J. Saul, The Strange Death of Liberated Southern Africa, Transformation, n. 64, 2007.

2) R. Southall, Threats to Constitutionalism by Liberation Movements in Southern Africa, in Afrika Spectrum, vol. 49, n. 1, 2014.

12) Il Sudafrica: democrazia, povertà, sviluppo

Letture per presentazioni:

1) Soldaat, M. (2024), Julius Malema, from Masupatsela to the Formation of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF): Historical Narrative, in African Historical Review, 55(2).

2) du Toit, A. (2024), The Land and Its People: The South African ‘Land Question’ and the Post-Apartheid Political Order, in Journal of Southern African Studies, 50(2).

3) Hall R. (2024), The Constitution’s Mandate for Transformation: From Expropriation Without Compensation to Equitable Access to Land, in O. Zenker, C. Walker, Z.-Z. Boggenpoel (eds), Beyond Expropriation Without Compensation: Law Land Reform and Redistributive Justice in South Africa, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 143-164.

4) A. Butler (2024), The End of ANC Electoral Dominance: Inexorable decline, or just a poor campaign?, in C. Schulz-Herzenberg, R. Southall (eds), Election 2024, South Africa: Countdown to Coalition, Johannesburg, Jacana.

5) D. Evaratt (2024), The Long Decline of South Africa's ANC, in Journal of Democracy, vol. 35, n. 4

13) Mozambico e Namibia: democrazia, povertà, sviluppo

Letture per presentazioni:

1) A.M. Gentili, Democracy and Citizenship in Mozambique, in A. Triulzi & M. C. Ercolessi, State, Power and New Political Actors in Postcolonial Africa, Annali della Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, Milano, Feltrinelli, 2004.

2) Morier-Genoud E., 2020. The jihadi insurgency in Mozambique: origins, nature and beginning, Journal of Eastern African Studies, 14(3).

3) H. Melber, (2021). "One Namibia, One Nation"? Social Cohesion under a Liberation Movement as Government in Decline, Vienna Journal of African Studies, vol. 21.

14) La crisi dello Zimbabwe

Letture per tutti:

1) B. Raftopoulos, The Crisis in Zimbabwe 1998-2008, in B. Raftopoulos, Alois Mlambo (eds), Becoming Zimbabwe: A History from the Pre-Colonial Period to 2008, Weaver Press, Harare, 2009, pp.201-232.

2) S. Moyo, Three decades of agrarian reform in Zimbabwe, Journal of Peasant Studies, vol 38, n. 3, 2011.

3) E. Ndawana, E. (2020), The military and democratisation in post-Mugabe Zimbabwe, in South African Journal of International Affairs, vol. 27, n. 2.

15) Tanzania

Letture per presentazioni:

1) J. Poncian (2019), Galvanising Political Support through Resource Nationalism: A Case of Tanzania’s 2017 Extractive Sector Reforms, in «Political Geography», vol. 69.

2) D. Paget, A. Kwayu (2025), Tanzania's Autocratic Reform-Washing., in Journal of Democracy, vol. 36, n. 3.

16) I conflitti armati

Letture per tutti:

1) A.M. Gentili, Ethnicity and Citizenship in Sub Saharan Africa, in P. Chabal, U. Engel & AM Gentili (eds), Is Violence Inevitable in Africa?, Leiden, Brill, 2005.

17) La lotta al terrorismo in Africa

Letture per tutti:

H. Solomon (2015), Critical Terrorism Studies and Its Implications for Africa, in Politikon, vol. 42, n. 2.

Letture per presentazioni:

1) D. Anderson, J. McKnigh, Kenya at war: Al-Shabaab and its enemies in Eastern Africa, in African Affairs, vol. 114, n. 454, 2015.

2) W. Iyekekpolo, Boko Haram: Understanding the context, in Third World Quarterly, vol. 37, n. 12, 2016.

18) Repubblica Centrafricana

Letture per presentazioni:

1) Marchal R. (2005). Being Rich, Being Poor: Wealth and Fear in the Central African Republic, in T. Carayannis, L. Lombard (eds), Making Sense of the Central African Republic. London, Zed Books

2) G. Vlavonou, L. Collins (2021), A Minority in Conflict: Muslim Communities, State Interaction, and Patterns of Exclusion in the Central African Republic, Islamic Africa vol. 12, n. 2.

3) A. Duursma (2022), State Weakness, a Fragmented Patronage-Based System, and Protracted Local Conflict in the Central African Republic, in African Affairs, vol. 121, n. 483.

4) R. Ndiyun (2022), Peace agreements with no peace: A critical review of peace agreements in the Central African Republic, in African Security Review, vol. 31, n. 3.

19) Etiopia

Letture per presentazioni:

1) Labzaé M., Planel S., (2021), La République fédérale démocratique en guerre. Mobilisations nationalistes, ordre martial et renouveaux partisans en Éthiopie, Politique Africaine, n. 164, (https://www.cairn.info/revue-politique-africaine-2021-4-page-141.htm ).

2) K. Tronvoll (2024), Voting for war, to secure peace: weaponising the Tigray 2020 election in Ethiopia, in Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 62, n. 1.

3) J. Williams (2025), Building an idea of the state? Regime dominance and the material legacy of a development project in Ethiopia, in African Affairs, vol. 124, n. 494.

4) H. Verhoeven, T. Negash Gebregziabher (2024), From imperial power to regional policeman: Ethiopian peacekeeping and the developmental state, in International Affairs, vol. 100, n. 3.

20) Somalia

Letture per presentazioni:

1) K. Menkhaus (2009), Somalia: ‘They Created a Desert and Called it Peace(building), in Review of African Political Economy, vol. 36, n. 120.

2) J. Fisher (2019), AMISOM and the Regional Construction of a Failed State in Somalia, in African Affairs, vol. 118, n. 471.

3) S. Jaspars, N. Majid, GM (2023), Adan. Somalia’s evolving political market place: from famine and humanitarian crisis to permanent precarity, in Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 61, n. 3.

Metodi didattici

Modalità di verifica e valutazione dell'apprendimento

Il voto finale (30/30) è la somma di: paper (max 6.000 parole) su uno dei temi affrontati a lezione (e diverso da quello della presentazione) (max 10/30) e esame scritto finale (3 domande, 1 ora), che verterà (solo) sulle letture obbligatorie per tutti (max 20/30).

Il paper va inviato via mail al docente 5 giorni lavorativi prima della data in cui si intende sostenere l'esame.

Durante il corso agli studenti sarà anche chiesto di fare una presentazione in classe su una lettura a loro scelta tra le "letture per presentazioni" elencate sopra.

Strumenti a supporto della didattica

Powerpoint

Orario di ricevimento

Consulta il sito web di Arrigo Pallotti