29219 - Territory, Social Change and Psychiatric Pathology

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course, the student: - is familiar with psychiatric pathologies in relation to environmental and historical current events; - is able to analyse the forms of psychic distress that are widespread and no less disabling than serious pathologies.

Course contents

The course aims to provide an overview of the content, history, and practices of anti-institutional psychiatry, focusing on the theoretical roots of the Basaglia movement, the connections established between the anti-mental asylum movement and the developments of the progressive human sciences of the second half of the twentieth century, and the impact and implications of psychiatry's critical era on local and community mental health. Specifically, the course will explore various authors and contributions related to the historical context in which anti-institutional critique arose, the events that led to the approval of Law 180 of 1978, and its impact on modern welfare systems. The links between the approach to psychiatric deinstitutionalization and developments in the epistemology and practice of social work will also be explored.

The final part of the course will include a workshop on integrated individualized social and health planning, where some of the theoretical concepts acquired will be applied.

1. The history of anti-institutional psychiatry in Italy: historical contextualization of the mental institution system and its overcoming in Western countries after World War II; theoretical roots of Basaglia's thought: the contribution of American critical sociology, Sartre's Marxist existentialism, Foucault's post-structuralism, Gramsci, and Italian Marxism in the 1960s and 1970s. Historical development of the anti-institutional movement from 1961 to the approval of the reform; developments in mental health from Law 180/1978 to the present.

Video documents: "The Gardens of Abele"

1. Political dimensions of the thought of Franco Basaglia and Franca Ongaro Basaglia; "Madness/Need": the dialectic of medicalization; the role of the territory; The contribution of medical anthropology (Seppilli) to the public health movement: Maccacaro's reflections on prevention and participation

Video documents: "The Fable of the Serpent"

1. Subsequent developments: epidemiology, recovery, social and health integration: the impact of anti-institutional reflections on the welfare system and the practice and epistemology of social work; decentralization and participation; local welfare services, spaces, and territories; generative processes and subjects (activation; accountability; empowerment); organizational models of services and contexts (people/place, social enterprise, health budget, community); potential emancipatory interventions in social work

Video documents:

"Giuliano's Center for Social Medicine"

1. Subsequent developments: community mental health services and their relationship with social services, participation, experienced users: the practice of self-help and the role of user movements in the affirmation of recovery paradigms, the failed transmission of anti-institutional practice and the research perspectives still open, critical psychiatric epidemiology: Richard Warner and the relationship between socioeconomic dynamics and internment; neurodiversity movements and universal inclusion.

Video documents: "Empty Fortresses"

1. User Movements and Co-produced Research: the history of the social model of disability and how it interacted with movements related to psychiatry and mental health users: the biopsychosocial model, and the independent living movement. Critical Disability Studies and MAD Studies: Possible Impact on Education and Social Work Theories (Radical Social Work and MAD Studies)

Video Documents:Experts in Peer Support and Co-production

1. Examples of Planning with Integrated Individualized Health Budgets: The Personalized Project, the Evolution of the Italian Welfare Model Toward Principles of Personalization, Territoriality, and Individual Empowerment, the "Complex Patient," and the Migrant Population

Video Documents: Good Practices and SPDC No Restraint

1. Workshop on personalized projects; case studies; drafting project sheets; qualitative analysis and monitoring; integration between healthcare and social services

1. From critique of psychiatry to community mental health: the biopsychosocial model, psychosocial interventions, participation and its epistemological implications

Films: “Family life”, Ken Loach

Readings/Bibliography

Required reading materials:

• Massimiliano Minelli “Salute mentale e territorio”, RIVISTA DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI ANTROPOLOGIA MEDICA; https://www.amantropologiamedica.unipg.it/index.php/am
• Luca Negrogno e Benedetto Saraceno, “Ma come si curano le malattie mentali?”, disponibile su https://www.machina-deriveapprodi.com/blog/categories/freccia-tenda-cammello
• Franca Olivetti Manoukian, Produrre Servizi è tutelare diritti, (made available by the teacher)
• “Franco Basaglia”, Mario Colucci - Pierangelo Di Vittorio, Feltrinelli 2024

Choose two of the following

1. Valtellina, E., (2024) Teorie critiche della disabilità. Uno sguardo politico sulle non conformità fisiche, relazionali, sensoriali, cognitive, Milano, Mimesis
2. Luca Negrogno, Il Budget di Salute in bilico: tra standardizzazione e complessità The personalized health budget at the crossroads: between standardization and complexity;
3. Giulio Alfredo Maccacaro, Appunti per una epidemiologia psichiatrica, 1973
4. P. Di Vittorio, B. Cavagnero (a cura di), Dopo la legge 180. Testimoni ed esperienze della salute mentale in Italia, Franco Angeli, Milano, 2019.
5. Luca Negrogno, Bruna Zani, L’applicazione del Budget di salute a Bologna. Razionalizzazione o creatività?, Welforum.it
6. Luca Negrogno, Attualizzare Basaglia, Giustizia Insieme https://www.giustiziainsieme.it
7. AUT AUT > 398/2023 LA PSICHIATRIA E IL FUTURO DELLA SALUTE MENTALE, a cura di Mauro Bertani, Mario Colucci e Pierangelo Di Vittorio
8. Ota de Leonardis, Thomas Emmenegger, “Le istituzioni della contraddizione”, https://www.aslcagliari.it/documenti/8_35_20081015131434.pdf
9. Franco Rotelli “L’Istituzione Inventata"
10. Paolo Peloso, “Ancora su L'Istituzione negata…perché 50 anni dopo è proprio da lì che dobbiamo ripartire” disponibile su http://www.psychiatryonline.it/node/7445 .
11. Franco Basaglia, “Conferenze Brasiliane”, Cortina, 2018.
12. Mario Colucci, “Effetto ‘61”, disponibile su https://www.news-forumsalutementale.it/conoscere-e-sperimentare-per-evolvere/ .
13. Pierangelo Di Vittorio, “Costellazioni. Tra presente e passato: la salute mentale e le sfide della trasmissione”, in Di VIttorio, P. Cavagnero, B. (a cura di), Dopo la legge 180. Testimoni ed esperienze della salute mentale in Italia, Franco Angeli, 2019.
14. M. Foucault, Il potere psichiatrico, Feltrinelli, Milano, 2004
15. Anna Carla Valeriano, “Contro tutti i muri. La vita e il pensiero di Franca Ongaro Basaglia”, Donzelli, 2022.
16. Pietro Barbetta, “Che cos’è la Salute Mentale” disponibile su https://www.doppiozero.com/che-cosa-e-la-salute-mentale
17. Marica Setaro, “Diario teorico di uno psichiatra. Un profilo di Agostino Pirella”, in Aut Aut, Vol 385: “Agostino Pirella. Il sapere di uno psichiatra”, a cura di Massimo Bucciantini e Mario Colucci, Il Saggiatore, 2020.
18. D. Mauri (a cura di), La libertà è terapeutica?, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1983
19. Franca Ongaro Basaglia, “Salute/Malattia”
20. Ota De Leonardis “Deistituzionalizzazione Un'altra via”
21. Lavinia Bifulco, Tommaso Vitale, Da strutture a processi: servizi, spazi e territori del welfare locale
22. Massimiliano Minelli, Agire in quotidiani “stati d’eccezione”. Forme di vita e biopolitiche in un’etnografia nel campo della salute mentale
23. Davide Caselli, “Deve esserci una finestra che posso aprire senza rimanere accecato”. Reinventare comunità scientifiche allargate, in Millefiorini, Moni, “Covid e Azione Pubblica”
24. Tommaso Losavio, Fare la 180,
25. Mozzana, C. (2024). Forme di solidarietà in pandemia tra logica umanitaria e giustizia sociale. In L. Bifulco, M. Dodaro (a cura di), Quale welfare dopo la pandemia
26. Negrogno, Mobilitazioni politiche tra welfare pubblico e lavoro sociale
27. Movimenti, politica e salute | Prima e Seconda parte: discorsi e pratiche di salute mentale dentro e fuori dalle istituzioni; alla ricerca delle dimensioni di un’insufficienza– di Luca Negrogno
28. Franco Basaglia, Fare l’impossibile, a cura di Marica Setaro
29. Riccardo Ierna, Dalla psichiatria alla salute mentale. Un’ipotesi di ricerca sul destino del movimento anti-istituzionale italiano
30. Luca Negrogno, Io, Irina e l'istituzione. Un’osservazione etnografica, in MEDICINA NEI SECOLI ARTE E SCIENZA, 28/2 (2016) 501-536,
31. Luigi Onnis, Dove va la psichiatria, Luigi Onnis, Feltrinelli, 1980
32. Davide Caselli, Barbara Giullari, Carlotta Mozzana, Prepared to Care? Knowledge and Welfare in a Time of Emergency, in Sociologica, 15(3), 107–124, disponibile in https://sociologica.unibo.it/article/view/13600
33. Antonella Guarino, “A Feeling of Safeness and Freedom”: The Promotion of Mental Health Recovery Through Co-Production in an Italian Community Organization,
34. Luca Negrogno, Dialogo tra i movimenti della psichiatria e della neurodiversità, 2022, disponibile in https://www.ibridamenti.com/2022/11/18/dialogo-tra-i-movimenti-della-psichiatria-e-della-neurodiversita/

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons with the use of supports. Discussion of empirical cases and exercises. the maximum collaboration of the students present is required.

Assessment methods

The exam consists of an individual oral interview based on the bibliography.

Teaching tools

PC, internet, powerpoint, eventually lessons from external guests.

Students who require specific services and adaptations to teaching activities due to a disability or specific learning disorders (SLD), must first contact the appropriate office: https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students .

Office hours

See the website of Maurizio Bergamaschi