05896 - Judiciary Regulation System

Learning outcomes

The course aims at providing knowledge about:

a) the role of the judicial power in States with democratic and liberal tradition

b) the structure of the administration of justice in Italy

c) the organization and the jurisdiction of the Italian judicial offices

d) the anomaly of our Country in comparison to the other democratic States, with particular reference to Europe, notwithstanding the recent judicial and constitutional reforms.

Course contents

The course focuses on the following topics:

 

Part 1

1. The role of the judge in democratic countries. The extension, both qualitative and quantitative, of the judicial function. The problem of democratic legitimacy of the power of judges. The difficulty to balance judge's independence with accountability. The solutions adopted in other countries. The Italian case.

2. The role of public prosecutor's in democratic regimes. The feature of public prosecution function. The fundamental values of autonomy and accountability. The Italian public prosecutors in comparative perspective. The role of the police. The role of the defence lawyer.

3. The ordinary magistracy. The French model. Establishment and evolution in the liberal and fascist period. The Constitution and the changes in the Republican period with regard to: a) recruitment, b) career; c) disciplinary accountability.

4. The Superior Council of the Magistracy. The Judicial Boards. The Heads of courts and public prosecutor offices. The Ministry of Justice.

5. The judiciary and the public prosecutors' offices in the Italian system.

6. The recent reforms in the justice sector. The new challenges connected to digitization and Artificial Intelligence.

 

Part 2

1. The Italian judge acting as an "European judge" at the intersection of different legal and judicial systems (EU law, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, etc.). The relationship among national and international systems.

2. The new challenges connected to the EU Area of freedom, security and justice. The judicial cooperation in criminal matters: the European Public Prosecutors Office (EPPO).

The course will adopt a historical and comparative approach. References will be made to empirical researches carried out by international experts and by the Research Center for Judicial Studies (CeSROG) Via Zamboni, 26, Bologna.

The course assumes a basic knowledge of public law.

Readings/Bibliography

Main text:

G. DI FEDERICO (a cura di), Ordinamento Giudiziario. Uffici giudiziari, CSM e governo della magistratura, BUP, Bologna, 2019.

One additional reading to be chosen from among the following articles:

- G. DI FEDERICO, Il pubblico ministero: indipendenza, responsabilità, carriera separata da quella del giudice, in G. Di Federico (a cura di), Manuale di Ordinamento Giudiziario, Cedam, Padova, 2004, pp. 415-452;

- F. CONTINI, La qualità della giustizia: dal conflitto al dialogo, in D. Cavallini (a cura di), Argomenti di ordinamento giudiziario, Bup, Bologna, 2014, cap. 6;

- S. ZAN, Il sistema organizzativo della giustizia civile in Italia: caratteristiche e prospettive, in Quaderni di Giustizia e organizzazione, Comiug, n. 1;

- D. CAVALLINI, Analisi della disciplina e prime riflessioni sui profili ordinamentali della Procura europea, alla luce del d.lgs n. 9 del 2021 di adeguamento della normativa nazionale al Regolamento europeo, in Diritto di Difesa (pp. 1-15), 14 May 2021;

- F. CONTINI, Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Humans. Law and Technology Interactions in Judicial Proceedings, in https://lthj.qut.edu.au/article/download/1478/910;

Teaching methods

The method will be ex cathedra. A few seminars may be organized on specific issues, with the participation of judges, prosecutors and experts.

Assessment methods

Oral exam. Students attending the course are given the possibility to replace the oral exam with a written paper on a specific topic agreed with the teacher.

Teaching tools

Slides and further documents may be used during the course to analyse specific subjects. They will be available in the virtual space of the course.

Office hours

See the website of Daniela Cavallini