84923 - Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy II

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student: - knows the main molecular mechanisms and the pharmacodynamic and therapeutic profile of drugs active on the central nervous system, on renal and cardiovascular functions, on respiratory and gastro-intestinal functions, on inflammation and the immune system, on blood cells and on the coagulation and aggregation of platelets, minerals and vitamins; - knows the drugs that influence endocrine functions; - is able to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of drugs and their ability to prevent and treat certain diseases or alleviate their symptoms; - knows the main adverse and side effects that can limit its use; - is able to recognize interactions between drugs; - applies the knowledge learned to carry out the profession, for the correct storage and dispensing of medicines, to inform and educate on the use of medicines; - has the knowledge that allows him to report adverse reactions to drugs; - applies the knowledge learned to carry out the profession, for the correct storage and dispensing of medicines, to inform and educate on the use of medicines and monitor the management of the appropriateness in the use of medicines and the continuity of adherence to pharmacological therapy in chronic therapies.

Course contents

MODULE I -  Prof. Monica Baiula

INFLAMMATION PHARMACOLOGY: Introduction to immune system and inflammation. Hystamin, bradykinin and their antagonists. Lipid-derived autacoids: eicosanoids and PAF. NSAIDs. Glucocorticoids. Pharmacotherapy of gout. Immunosuppressants and tolerogens. Pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis.

PULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACOTHERAPY: Pharmacotherapy of asthma and COPD. Antitussive and mucolytic drugs.

PHARMACOLOGY OF BLOOD FUNCTIONS: Hematopoietic agents. Treatment of anemia and blood disorders. Hypolipidemic drugs.

PHARMACOLOGY OF HEMOSTASIS: Anticoagulants. Thrombolytics. Antiplatelet drugs. Fibrinolytics and antifibrinolytics.

OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacotherapy of glaucoma. Pharmacotherapy of AMD and diabetes-induced macular edema.

HORMONS, HORMON ANTAGONISTS, ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY: Hypothalmic and pituitary hormons. Estrogens, progestins, androgens and related antagonists. Endocrine pancreas and pharmacotherapy of diabetes. Hypoglycemic drugs. Modulation of feeding and energetic metabolism. Agents affecting mineral ion homeostasis and bone turnover. Thyroid and anti-thyroid drugs.

 

MODULE II - Prof.ssa Patrizia Romualdi

Central nervous system- Organization of CNS

Opioid Analgesics: agonists and antagonists

Non Opiopid Analgesics: Paracetamol, Cannabinoids

General Anaesthetics

 Antiepilectics

Antidepressants

Drugs used in the treatment of psychoses

Ansiolitics,  Drug of abuse ,NPS (Neuropsychoactive compounds)

Treatment of central nervous system degenerative disorders: Drugs for Parkinson disease, AlzheimerDisease, Multiple Sclerosis, SLA

Cardiovascular and renal system
Drugs for the treatment of cardiac insufficiency and of  myocardial ischemia
Antiarrhythmic drugs, antiangina
Renin and angiotensin
Antihypertensive agents and the drug therapy of hypertension
Diuretics, Vasodilatators

Drugs affecting gastrointestinal function
Agent for ulcers
Agents used for control of gastric acidity and peptic ulcers

Readings/Bibliography

S. GOVONI, FARMACOLOGIA con sito web, Casa Ed. Ambrosiana I ed. italiana, Milano, 2022

B.G . KATZUNG, Farmacologia Generale e Clinica , Piccin . IX Edizione italiana sulla XII in lingua inglese, Piccin , 2018.

Goodman and Gilman " La basi farmacologiche della Terapia " XII ed . it . Zanichelli 2017.

 

 

 

Readings/Bibliography

Stefano Govoni, Santi Mario Spampinato, Pierluigi Navarra et al. Farmacologia s2nd edition. Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, 2024.

Goodman & Gilman. Le basi farmacologiche della terapia. Con espansione online Autori: Laurence L. Brunton, Randa Hilal-Dandan, Bjorn C. Knollmann Casa editrice Zanichelli - Edizione 2019.

B.G . KATZUNG, Farmacologia Generale e Clinica , Piccin . IX Edizione italiana sulla XII in linguainglese, Piccin , 2019.

RANG , DALE, RITTER, Farmacologia , VII Edizione, Elsevier , 2021.

Teaching methods

 Frontal lessons with Slides in Power Point available on Virtuale.

Assessment methods

MODULE I: An oral exam to assess students’ learning outcomes will be conducted for Module 1. Check AlmaEsami for the dates of the oral exams. A written mid-term assessment with open-ended questions (60-minute-long written exam made of 5 open questions) will cover the following topics: Inflammation pharmacology: histamine, bradykinin, and their antagonists; lipid-derived autacoids such as eicosanoids and PAF; NSAIDs; glucocorticoids; pharmacotherapy of gout; immunosuppressants and tolerogens; pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis; and pulmonary pharmacology and treatment, including pharmacotherapy for asthma and COPD, as well as antitussive and mucolytic drugs. Pharmacology of blood functions, including hematopoietic agents, treatment of anemia and blood disorders, and hypolipidemic drugs. The mid-term written exam is optional and may be included in the final grade. Students who do not pass or do not take the written test must take the oral exam covering all topics of Module 1.

 

MODULE 2:

The final test consists of an oral examination or maybe on line on Teams platform, depending on the health condition in Italy on pandemia. The examination verifies the achievements of the teaching goals: the knowledge of the basic principle of Pharmacology (pharmacotherapy). The final score leading to 5 CFU will come out by means of 4 questions exam dealing with topic related to the program.

Questions are presented concerning Pharmacology of SNC, cardiovascular , renal and gastrointestinal systems.

Further questions may be given in needed case. The test lastes about 30 minutes.

The final score will be the mean of the separate score obtained in the exam taking into account both Modules, based on the capacity of the student to talk about the items and to demonstrate the knowledge of the pharmacological principles, together with the possibility to be rewarded with excellence scores when she/he is able to show a profound knowledge and specific property of language.

Application to Almaesami

Students with learning disorders and\or temporary or permanent disabilities: please, contact the office responsible (https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students ) as soon as possible so that they can propose acceptable adjustments. The request for adaptation must be submitted in advance (15 days before the exam date) to the lecturer, who will assess the appropriateness of the adjustments, taking into account the teaching objectives.

 

Teaching tools

Slides are displayed during classes and are available on Virtuale, accessible using Unibo credentials.

Office hours

See the website of Patrizia Romualdi

See the website of Monica Baiula