37199 - Laboratory of Anatomy (Part 1) (C2)

Learning outcomes

Anatomy 1 Laboratory complements and reinforces the theoretical components of the course through practical activities focused on the study of the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and lymphatic systems. The laboratory is designed to develop students’ abilities in anatomical identification, topographical orientation, and understanding of the three-dimensional organization of the human body, which are essential skills for learning clinical anatomy and for subsequent courses in the medical and surgical sciences. Through these activities, students deepen their knowledge of anatomical structures and their spatial relationships, become familiar with normal anatomical variability, and develop the ability to recognize the main anatomo-clinical correlations, including those related to age, biological sex, and selected pathological conditions.

Course contents

Practical sessions include the use of anatomical models of bones, joints, muscles, and organs; dissection activities on animal anatomical specimens; and the observation of human anatomical specimens obtained through body donation programs and housed at the Center for Experimental, Molecular and Clinical Anatomy and Surgery of the University of Bologna. The laboratory also includes the use of the Anatomage Virtual Anatomy Table for the study of three-dimensional and sectional anatomy, as well as the observation of microscopic anatomy specimens related to the organs and systems covered in the course.

Musculoskeletal System

• Identification of the main bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton.
• Identification of the principal bony anatomical landmarks.
• Recognition of the major joints.
• Identification of the muscle groups of the trunk and limbs.
  

Cardiovascular System

• Direct observation of the external and internal morphology of the heart.
• Dissection of a porcine heart.
• Identification of the cardiac chambers, valves, and major blood vessels.
• Correlations between anatomical organization and function.

Respiratory System

• Observation and dissection of a porcine larynx.
• Identification of the cartilaginous and muscles framework of the larynx.
• Principal anatomical relationships of the upper airways.
• Correlations between anatomical structure and respiratory function.

Microscopic Anatomy

• Observation and identification of microscopic anatomy specimens of:

  • trachea;
  • lung;
  • lymph node;
  • spleen;
  • thymus.

• Correlation between the microscopic organization and the gross anatomy of the organs studied.

  
  

Readings/Bibliography

Anatomia Umana (3vol), Edi Ermes

Anatomia del Gray , 40° ed (2 volumi), Edra.,

Netter F., Atlante di Anatomia Umana, Edra

Guida alla lettura dell'Atlante di Anatomia Umana di F. Netter, Edra

Anatomia clinica, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana

Atlante fotografico di Anatomia descrittiva e topografica, Piccin

Atlante di Anatomia, Prometheus , EdiSes

Atlante di Anatomia, Kamina, Piccin

Teaching methods

Il laboratorio si svolge attraverso attività pratiche guidate finalizzate al riconoscimento delle principali strutture anatomiche e alla comprensione della loro organizzazione tridimensionale e dei rapporti topografici.

Le esercitazioni comprendono attività di identificazione di ossa, articolazioni e gruppi muscolari mediante modelli anatomici, osservazione e dissezione di organi animali, osservazione di preparati anatomici umani in sala settoria e attività di anatomia virtuale mediante il tavolo anatomico digitale Anatomage.

Le attività in sala settoria consentono agli studenti di osservare direttamente preparati anatomici umani dissezionati, approfondendo la conoscenza delle relazioni anatomiche tra organi e strutture adiacenti, delle varianti anatomiche individuali e delle principali correlazioni anatomo-cliniche.

Le esercitazioni comprendono inoltre l'osservazione e il riconoscimento di preparati di anatomia microscopica relativi agli organi e ai sistemi trattati nel corso, al fine di integrare le conoscenze di anatomia macroscopica con gli aspetti strutturali microscopici.

L'utilizzo del tavolo anatomico virtuale Anatomage permette di esplorare l'organizzazione tridimensionale del corpo umano e di correlare l'anatomia macroscopica con l'anatomia sezionale e le principali immagini radiologiche.

Assessment methods

Il Laboratorio di Anatomia 1 non prevede una valutazione autonoma. Le conoscenze e le competenze acquisite durante le attività pratiche concorrono alla preparazione dello studente e saranno valutate nell'ambito dell'esame del corso di Anatomia 1, secondo le modalità previste dal relativo syllabus. Per maggiori dettagli consulta https://www.unibo.it/en/study/course-units-transferable-skills-moocs/course-unit-catalogue/course-unit/2026/550220

Teaching tools

Laboratory activities make use of three-dimensional anatomical models of bones, joints, muscles, and organs for the identification of the principal anatomical structures and their topographical relationships.

The Anatomage Virtual Anatomy Table is used for the study of three-dimensional and sectional human anatomy, allowing interactive exploration of anatomical structures and their spatial relationships.

Laboratory activities also include the observation of microscopic anatomy specimens related to the organs and systems covered in the course, with the aim of integrating gross anatomical knowledge with their microscopic structural organization.

Office hours

See the website of Gabriella Teti