28450 - Design and Construction of Green Areas

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student acquires the main tools of landscape design of green spaces inherent to the culture and the technical definition of the project. They are essential for a deep understanding of historical and contemporary works and for the development of one's own design awareness. The student also knows the elements of organization and management of the site that are of greater importance in the field of design. In particular, at the end of the course the student is able to evaluate the functions of green spaces in the urban landscape balance, the relative design orientations and the compositional criteria for the design of green spaces (parks, gardens, sports areas), also in the scope of participatory planning processes. It is also able to understand and write independently all the types of drawings that make up the green project. The student acquires the reference elements for the progressive future development of a mature design awareness, accompanied by the knowledge related to the legislation and professional ethics inherent to the issues of the sector. The student develops the ability to relate on a cultural level and with specialists from the other disciplines involved in the design.

Course contents

The course proposes theoretical readings and a critical examination of examples related to the design of parks and gardens, with a focus on the experiences and values (social, aesthetic, symbolic ...) of the contemporary era, within the broader discipline of landscape architecture. This is for the purpose of forming a critical capacity and a design awareness inherent in the design of open spaces (private / public, at the garden and city scale).

The course aims to provide theoretical knowledge but at the same time to establish a design and testing laboratory, through ex-tempore and final synthesis exercises, on the theme of the park and the garden, intended as places in a dialectical and vital relationship with its own context: architecture, the contemporary city, its margins, the extra-urban territory.

Prerequisites

The student who accesses this teaching is in possession of a good preparation in the fundamentals of the history of landscape architecture, landscape ecology, territorial analysis and project representation. This knowledge and skills are provided by the courses provided during the first and second year of the course.

Teaching unit 1. Theoretical contents [24 hours]

This teaching unit provides the cultural tools necessary for the development of the exercise (teaching unit 2). The following topics will be analyzed and studied:

• Presentation of the course of the program, main contents, objectives and methods;
• Know and read a "place", an "empty" space (but full of sensitive elements): theories and methods of analysis and representation. Authors and examples;
• General criteria for landscape design: balance of scale, coherence and synergy between the different elements that make up the open space project. Concepts, authors and projects;
• Compositional and technical aspects of the arboreal, shrub and herbaceous vegetation project. Authors and reference projects;
• Compositional and technical aspects of the soil design: topography and materials. Authors and reference projects;
• Reading and analysis of some specific case studies at national and international level in the field of landscape design;

Teaching unit 2. Project theme [36 hours]

The teaching unit 2 consists in the development of analysis activities and landscape design of a specific place, carried out in groups and / or individually and structured as follows:

• Study visits (field activities);
• Analysis and interpretation of the place (critical analysis), with particular reference to the following aspects: reading of the territory; mapping of the aspects characterizing the place; vegetation, soil and exposure; the relationships between full and empty; spatiality and scale relationships; visual perception; other;
• The general project criteria: summary table, concept and master plan;
• The development of the design solution;
• The technical report of the project.

Readings/Bibliography

General reference bibliography of mandatory consultation (texts and magazines available in the library of Plesso Vespignani and / or Scarbelli Institute, Imola):

• Corajoud M., ‘Les neuf conduits nécessaires pour une propedéutique pour un apprentissage du project sur le paysge’ (‘To the students of the schools of lanscape-architecture’), in http://corajoudmichel.nerim.net/10-textes/elements-des-9-conduites/00neuf-cond-vignettes.html
• La Convenzione Europea del Paesaggio. Firenze, 2000, in http://www.convenzioneeuropeapaesaggio.beniculturali.it/index.php?id=1&lang=it
• Cortesi I., Il parco pubblico. Paesaggi 1985-2000. Federico Motta, Milano 2000
• Clement G., Il giardino in movimento. Quodlibet, Macerata 2011
• Rocca A., a cura di, Gilles Clément. Nove giardini planetari. 22Publishing, Milano 2007
• Clement G., Il manifesto del terzo paesaggio. Quodlibet, Macerata 2005
• Atelier Le Balto, Pasquali M., a cura di, Archipel. L’arte di fare giardini. Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 2008
• Latini L., Cunico M., a cura di, Pietro Porcinai. Il progetto del paesaggio nel XX secolo. Marsilio, Venezia 2012
• Oudolf P., Kingsbury N., Landscape in landscale. The Monacelli Press, New York 2010
• SLA architects, Why we love trees. In https://issuu.com/sla_architects/docs/why_we_love_trees
• SLA architects e altri, Climate adaptation & urban nature. Development catalogue. In https://issuu.com/sla_architects/docs/bynatur_booklet_uk_small

Other reference texts and magazines:

• Lambertini A., Urban beauty! Luoghi prossimi e pratiche di resistenza estetica. Compositori, Bologna 2013
• Weilacher U., Between Landscape Architecture and Land Art. Birkhauser, Basilea 1999
• Nicolin P., Repishti F., Dizionario dei nuovi paesaggisti. Skira, Milano 2003
• Marsigli F., Spazi verdi Giardini Terrazze. Progetti e realizzazioni in Italia. UTET 2012
• Marsigli F., Spazi verdi Giardini Terrazze. Manuale per Progettare in Italia., UTET 2012
• Cataloghi della Biennale di Paesaggio di Barcellona, Spagna
• Riviste ‘Lotus Navigator’ (In particolare i numeri 2/2001 ‘Nuovi Paesaggi’, 5/2002 ‘Fare l’ambiente’, 7/2003 ‘Il paesaggio delle freeway’), ‘Lotus’, ‘Topos’, ‘Jola’
• Per la scelta della vegetazione fare riferimento ai numerosi libri presso le biblioteche del Plesso Vespignani e dell’Istituto Scarbelli di Imola.

For themes related to landscape design techniques, reference is made to the following texts (texts and magazines that can be consulted in the library of Plesso Vespignani and / or Istituto Scarbelli, Imola). The consultation of these texts is considered fundamental for the correct representation of the project:

• Rivista PAISEA 014 / representación
• Rivista PAISEA 027 / representación 2
• Hutchison E., Drawing for Landscape Architecture. Thames&Huston, NY 2011
• Wilk S., Construction and Design Manual. Drawing for Landscape Architects. DOM Publisher, Berlino 2014
• Pasquali M. a cura di, Archipel: l'arte di fare giardini. Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 2008 (in particolare il capitolo sul ‘Disegno’)

For further information on the history of the landscape, refer to:

• Panzini F., Progettare la natura. Architettura del Paesaggio e dei giardini dalle origini all'epoca contemporanea. Zanichelli, Bologna 2005
• Mosser, M., Teyssot, G., L'architettura dei giardini d'Occidente. Dal Rinascimento al Novecento, Electa, Milano 1990
• Panzini, F., Per i piaceri del popolo. L'evoluzione del giardino pubblico in Europa dalle origini al XX secolo. Zanichelli, Bologna 1993

The individual lessons of the course that will be made available to the students in the form of a dispensation from the beginning of the course are of fundamental consultation and study for the exam.

Any other in-depth bibliographic references will be provided during the course.

Teaching methods

The course is divided into two teaching units: the first consists of lectures related to the contents of the course and the second involves design laboratory activities or the performance of exercises of analysis and landscape design, with individual, collective and public reviews (in way to make the review a moment of collective confrontation for the whole class) of ongoing work. The lectures and the moments of carrying out the project theme (workshops and reviews) will be continuously alternated during the course.

It is specified that during the first lesson of presentation of the course the complete program of the course will be presented, with the lineup of theoretical lessons, moments of laboratory and public revisions; the general program will be put online in ‘Insegnamenti online’ to facilitate even working / non-attending students who will then be able to evaluate, well in advance, whether to be present punctually at some lessons. Furthermore, all the diagrams / lecture notes of each lesson, including specific bibliographies, will be made available to students from the beginning of the course.

Non-attending students must contact the lecturer at the beginning of the course.

The course is a very dynamic course in which students will be prompted on several occasions in small interventions in order to develop the oral presentation skills of their project and any small in-depth analysis.

Assessment methods

The course is part of the Integrated Course "Landscape Design and Spatial Planning", together with the following other teaching: "Land and Landscape Planning"; therefore the evaluation of the integrated course jointly takes into account the level of knowledge and skills acquired by the student in relation to the contents of all the aforementioned courses.

Since this is an Integrated Course it should be noted that the recording teacher is Prof. Patrizia Tassinari.

The knowledge and skills imparted by this teaching are evaluated according to the following methods:

Test 1 (individual or in groups of up to 3 students). Theme: design exercise. Presentation of the graphic drawings sufficient for a complete description of the landscape project assigned at the beginning of the course, from the territorial reading and critical analysis to the definition of the project itself; the technical report of the project will also be requested and the oral presentation of the work performed in its entirety will be evaluated.

Test 2 (individual). Theme: oral verification of the theoretical contents presented during the course.

To pass Test 1, the subject will be provided and explained at the beginning of the course by the lecturer. The documents required vary from year to year depending on the complexity of the project for which processing is requested. The materials requested refer to what is described in the ‘Program / Contents - Teaching Unit 2: Project theme’ point.

The projects that are required for the representation of the project proposal will be: plans and sections in different scales (from the territorial to the detailed), three-dimensional views with different techniques (axonometric, perspectives, images and their re-elaboration, photomontages, collages, etc. ), sketches, diagrams, diagrams, legends, short texts, report. This exercise will be evaluated during the exam and the complete pdf must be sent via email to the lecturer approximately 5 days before the exam date.

It should be noted that the study of the design theme (Test 1) will have to be developed with digital techniques.

The exam is an oral test in which the student presents the project developed during the course (test 1) and is questioned on the theoretical contents (test 2, two questions / student). The total duration of the exam depends on the number of students per group.

All the explanatory materials for the correct development of the individual tests, both in terms of design (test 1) as theoretical (test 2), will be made available to students so that even working / non-attending students have all the information to carry out the course program correctly. In this regard, it is emphasized that working / non-attending students will have to take the exam in the same manner as those attending, carrying out all the tests individually. These students are however requested to contact the lecturer at the beginning of the course.

We also remind you that online registration for the exam is mandatory for all students, under penalty of exclusion from the appeal.

Teaching tools

PC and video projector for frontal lessons.

The teaching activities by the teacher will take place through the projection and discussion of graphic, photographic and text materials.

The application activities will be carried out by the students with digital techniques, according to the teacher's specific indications.

Office hours

See the website of Anna Costa