77857 - History of Achitecture I

Course contents

The course consists in lessons and exercises.

The lessons program will analyze the most significant architectures and monuments of Western architecture since Ancient times to the 20th century, paying attention in particular to the following items:

I. Ancient age
- Origins of Greek architecture. The architectural orders. Sacred architecture: the temple.
Greek architecture: Classical and post Classical age. Atene, the Peloponneso and the Ionia. Public and private civil architectures. Space organization and monumental complexes.
- The Hellenistic age in the Mediterranian world. Formal and typological innovations. The cities in the Hellenistic world.
- Roman architecture in the Republican age. Spaces, buildings, building techniques.
Roman architecture in the Imperial age. Public monuments and residential buildings (domus, villae and  palatia).
- Late Ancient age. The early Christian architectures. The Byzantine architecture. 

II. Medieval age in Italy and Europe
- Carolingian architecture.
- Romanesque architecture in Italy and Europe. Forms, typologies and structures. Romanesque churches, abbeys and monastries.
- Early Gothic architecture in France. Forms, typologies and structures. Gothic architecture spreading throughout Europe.
- Architecture in Italy in 13th and 14th century.
- Architecture in late Medieval age. New perspectives and innovations in Italy between 14th and 15th century.

III. Reinassance in Italy
- Filippo Brunelleschi: forms and building techniques in the Florentine architectures. The birth of modern buildign site: building the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore.
- Leon Battista Alberti between theory and practice of architecture. The De Re Aedificatoria. Architectures in Reinassance courts: Rome, Florence, Mantova, Rimini.
- Cities between 15th and 16th century: Rome, Pienza, Urbino, Ferrara.
- The revival of "all'antica" architecture in Rome: Donato Bramante and Raffaello Sanzio. The building of the new St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican.
- Early 16th century architecture in the Italian courts: Antonio da Sangallo teh Younger, Baldassarre Peruzzi, Jacopo Sansovino, Giulio Romano.
- Michelangelo Buonarroti architect in Rome and Florence.
- Architectural theory and practice treatises, from Sebastiano Serlio to Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola.
- Andrea Palladio. The Quattro Libri dell'Architettura. Architectures in Veneto: churches, villas, palaces.

IV. Baroque in Italy and Europe
- Early Baroque age in Rome: architectures of Pietro da Cortona, Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini.

- Guarino Guarini  (1624-1683), Filippo Juvarra (1678-1736) and the influence of their architectures in Europe.

V. 18th and 19th centuries: History, Style, Technique, Industry

- Giovan Battista Piranesi (1720-1778) and Rome in 18th century

- Architecture in France in 18th century: Neoclassicism and "revolutionary architects". Jacques-Germain Soufflot, Etienne-Louis BoullÃÆ'©e, Claude-Nicolas Ledoux and Jean-Nicolas Louis Durand

- England between 18th and 19th centuries. Neo Palladianism; John Soane; Jonh Nash

- Neoclassicim in Germany. Karl Friederich Schinkel and Leo von Klenze

- Iron and glass architecture in France and England. Henri Labrouste, William Paxton.

- Chicago school and the origins of the skyscraper. Louis Henry Sullivan

- History and Restiration: EugÃÆ'©ne Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, John Ruskin.

- William Morris and the Arts and Crafts.

- Art Nouveau in Europe: Belgium and Netherlands (Victor Horta, Henri van de Velde), England (Charles Rennie Mackintosh), Austria (Joseph Olbrich and the Viennese Secession), Spain (Antoni GaudÃÆ'¬).

VI. 20th century: Pioneers and Masters of the Modern Architecture

- The Pioneers: Otto Wagner, Adolf Loos; Hendrik Petrus Berlageand the Amsterdam School ; Auguste Perret.

- Architecture and industry in Germany. Deutscher Werkbund  - Peter Behrens (1868-1940). Walter Gropius (1883-1969) and the Bauhaus

Architecture and artistic avant-gardes at the beginnig of the 20th century

Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, 1887-1965)

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969)

Alvar Aalto (1898-1976)

Louis I. Kahn (1901-1974)

Architecture in Italy between two World Wars. Classicism/rationalism. National and Regine Architectures. Giuseppe Terragni, Luigi Moretti, Adalberto Libera.

Architecture and engineering. Pier Luigi Nervi (1891-1979)

Readings/Bibliography

The bibliography about single topics will be communicated during the lessons. General rrecommended readings are:

C. Bozzoni, V. Franchetti Pardo, G. Ortolani, A. Viscogliosi, L'architettura del mondo antico, Laterza, Roma-Bari 2006 (chapters about the topics in the course program)

R. Bonelli, C. Bozzoni, V. Franchetti Pardo, Storia dell'architettura medievale: l'Occidente europeo, Laterza, Roma-Bari 2012 (chapters about the topics in the course program)

Storia dell'architettura italiana. Il Quattrocento, a cura di F. P. Fiore, Electa, Milano 1998 (chapters about the topics in the course program)

P. Murray, L'architettura del Rinascimento italiano, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1977 (ultima edizione 2012) (chapters about the topics in the course program)

R. Wittkower, Arte e architettura in Italia 1600-1750, Einaudi, Torino 2008 (chapters about the topics in the course program)

M. Biraghi, Storia dell'architettura contemporanea 1750-1945, Einaudi, Torino 2008, vol. I (chapters about the topics in the course program)

W. J. R. Curtis, L'architettura moderna del 1900, Phaidon, Londra 2006 (chapters about the topics in the course program)

G. Ciucci, Gli architetti e il fascismo. Architettura e città 1922-1944, Einaudi, Torino 2002

Teaching methods

Lessons will take place in lecture rooms, illustrated by slides and images and analyzing the suggested topics paying attention to architectural forms, building typologies and techniques; exercises will consist in visits to some of the analyzed architectures as well as in examinations of single buildings or complexes. During lessons and exercises the student will be invited to analyze and discuss the proposed items, learnig to critically analyze architectures as well as relationships between forms and building techniques.

Assessment methods

The final exam will consist in an interwiew to the student in order to evaluate their knowledges about the program's topics, considering their attendance at lessons and exercises and the critical ability achieved. The evaluation will consider both the final exam's and the exercices' results.

Teaching tools

Lessons will be illustrated by slides and images specifically prepared by the professor, which will be given to the students; exercises will consist in visits to some of the analyzed architectures as well as in examinations of single buildings or complexes.

Links to further information

http://www.unibo.it/docenti/micaela.antonucci

Office hours

See the website of Micaela Antonucci