- Docente: Francesco Melino
- Credits: 6
- SSD: ING-IND/08
- Language: Italian
- Teaching Mode: In-person learning (entirely or partially)
- Campus: Bologna
- Corso: Second cycle degree programme (LM) in Engineering Management (cod. 0936)
Learning outcomes
Objective of the course is the study of the environmental impact from energy system
Course contents
Introduction.
Environmental impact of power station cooling systems. Water/air Condensing systems. Cooling tower. The plume. Water consumption. Concentration cycles. PM emitted by cooling towers, Drift Rate. EPA and Reisman & Frisbie PM emission models.
Pollutants formation mechanisms. (NOx, SOx, PM, CO and HC) influence of operative parameters (fuel/air ratio, temperature, etc.). Effects of CO, HC, NOx, SOx, O3, PM in the atmosphere.
Environmental impact of fluids for refrigeration plants. CFC, HCFC, HFC: ODP.
Environmental impact of CO2. Greenhouse effect (GWP and TEWI).
Combustion.
Definitions, ignition, flammability limits, rich and lean mixtures. Flame temperature.
Classification of combustion process: definition of premixed and non-premixed combustion, flame speed.
Gas turbine combustors.
Combustor pressure drop. Combustor architectures.
Methods for emission reduction in gas turbine combustors. NOx reduction with water/steam injection.
Design of low emission combustors: rich-lean and lean-lean combustors, Dry Low NOx combustors.
Post-combustion emission reduction techniques: SCR and SCONOX systems.
Steam power plants.
USC and conventional plants.
Coal fired power plants. Pulverized coal burners and emissions: air staging (OFA and BOOS), fuel staging, Flue Gas Recirculation, water/steam injection.
Flue gas abatement systems: Wet Scrubber (layout and working principle), Dry Scrubber (layout and working principle), electrostatic precipitator (layout and working principle), fabric filters (layout and working principle), cyclone, SNCR. Disposition of abatement systems in the flue gas line.
Fluidized bed combustors. Pollutant emissions of FBC. Limestone injection for abatement of SOx.
Pulverized coal power plants. Plant layout. fuel preparation, pulverized coal combustors.
Coal gasification. IGCC systems and Clean Coal Technologies. Plant layouts.
CHP environmental impact.
Renewable energy systems.
Geothermal energy. Steam and dominant water wells. Thermodynamic diagram of a geothermal power plant with double flash stage.
Wind energy. Betz limit. Aerodynamic efficiency of the blade. Weibull distribution.
Assessment methods
Oral Exam
Office hours
See the website of Francesco Melino