34369 - Training in Endodontics

Learning outcomes

At the end of the internship activity, the student has profitably attended the orthodontic service and therefore has a preparation that allows him to recognise, deal with and resolve simple cases relating to the basics of orthodontics.

Course contents

The internship progressively introduces the student to the clinical orthodontic setting, facilitating their integration into the daily activities of the department. During this phase, the student observes and becomes familiar with the department’s organization, the roles of the various professionals, and the fundamental procedures for patient and material management in orthodontics.

The main training components include:

• Observation of clinical activities within the Orthodontics Department of the Dental Clinic, with particular focus on initial consultations;

• Familiarization with the dental environment and relevant hygiene and safety protocols;

• Learning the procedures for managing the orthodontic operative area;

• Introduction to basic instruments and the main consumable materials used in orthodontics;

• Acquisition of orthodontic diagnostic records, with particular emphasis on extra- and intra-oral photographs and intraoral scans.

Attendance in the department will be complemented by practical exercises focused on performing cephalometric tracings, carried out both manually using a viewer and with dedicated software. These activities will be preceded by an explanation of the principles of cephalometric anatomy and an introduction to cephalometric analysis on lateral cephalometric radiographs.

The primary objective is to provide students with the theoretical and practical knowledge necessary for a gradual and guided involvement in the clinical activities of the department, fostering the development of critical thinking, interpersonal skills, and the ability to progressively integrate within the dental team.

Readings/Bibliography

Teaching materials useful for exam preparation will be provided during the course.

Supplementary readings:

Analisi cefalometrica 2D. De Nardi S., Garagiola U. Edra, 2017.

Teaching methods

The internship takes place primarily at the Orthognathodontics Department of the Dental Clinic, where students are gradually introduced to the daily clinical activities.

The teaching methods include:

• Supervision by faculty and experienced tutors, who guide students in observing basic clinical activities;

• Participation in department activities to promote integration with the various professional roles and understanding of orthodontic care processes;

• Observation of clinical procedures and patient management, with particular focus on the primary instruments and consumable materials used;

• Practical exercises using a viewer for manual cephalometric tracing, complemented by the use of dedicated software for digital tracing.

These methods foster a gradual and guided integration into the clinical environment, supporting the development of the basic technical, relational, and organizational skills essential to the student’s professional training.

Assessment methods

The final assessment consists of an oral examination aimed at evaluating the achievement of the competencies outlined in the course learning objectives. The student must demonstrate familiarity with the clinical environment and equipment, the adoption of appropriate clinical behaviors, a proper approach to the patient, and the correct use of the dental chair. Additionally, knowledge of the main diagnostic records used in orthodontics is required, with particular emphasis on cephalometric anatomy and the interpretation of the cephalometric tracing.

The maximum achievable grade is 30 with honors (“cum laude”), while the minimum passing grade is 18/30.

The final grade will be calculated as a weighted average of the results obtained in the various components of the Integrated Course (C.I.) of Pediatric Dentistry, using the corresponding course credits as weights.

Final grade scale:

• Knowledge of a very limited number of topics covered in the course, with analytical skills emerging only with the examiner’s guidance, and overall correct language → 18–19;

• Knowledge of a limited number of topics, with independent analytical ability only on purely procedural issues, and correct language → 20–24;

• Knowledge of a broad range of topics covered in the course, ability to make independent choices for critical analysis, and mastery of specific terminology → 25–29;

• Comprehensive knowledge of the topics addressed in the course, ability to make independent choices for critical analysis and connections, full command of specific terminology, and strong argumentative and self-reflective skills → 30–30L.

 

Students with learning disorders and\or temporary or permanent disabilities: please, contact the office responsible (https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students ) as soon as possible so that they can propose acceptable adjustments. The request for adaptation must be submitted in advance (15 days before the exam date) to the lecturer, who will assess the appropriateness of the adjustments, taking into account the teaching objectives.

Teaching tools

Guided observation and participation in basic clinical procedures, with particular focus on the management of the operative workstation and the acquisition of key diagnostic records (photographs and scans).

Basic orthodontic instruments: practical introduction to instruments and the main consumable materials used in orthodontics.

Use of radiographic viewers and dedicated software: practical exercises for performing cephalometric tracings both manually and digitally.

Office hours

See the website of Serena Incerti Parenti