66850 - Spectroscopy of Materials

Academic Year 2012/2013

  • Docente: Maria Grazia Giorgini
  • Credits: 6
  • SSD: CHIM/02
  • Language: Italian
  • Teaching Mode: In-person learning (entirely or partially)
  • Campus: Bologna
  • Corso: Second cycle degree programme (LM) in Photochemistry and molecular materials (cod. 8026)

Learning outcomes

At the conclusion of the course, student, starting from the fundamentals of atomic and molecular spectroscopy, is able to apply to the study of materials some spectroscopic techniques based on light absorption/emission (UV-VIS, IR), light scattering (Raman, Brillouin) and based on magnetic resonance processes (NMR, ESR)

Course contents

1) Radiation-matter interaction: transition probability; Fermi's golden rule; absorption and emission of radiation (fluorescence and phosphorescence).

2) Crystalsymmetry: point groups and space groups; normal mode analysis with the correlation method. Application to Calcite.

3) Electrons in solids: Fermi's model and energy; electrons in periodic systems; tight binding model; dispersion curves and energy gaps.

4) Vibrations in solids: dispersion curves, Brillouin zone; quantization of vibrations: phonons (diamond, silicon and germanium).

5) Optical properties: electric susceptibility and optical transitions.

6) Photoelectron and related spectroscopies: XPS/UPS, Auger

7) Optical spectroscopies: UV/V (semiconductors, nanoparticles, impurities from ions of transition metals (lasers, gemology);Raman and Brillouin scattering (Carbon-based materials, conductive polymers); IR (polymorphs, cristallinity in polymers); Photoluminescence (impurity of ions of rare hearth metals in transparent hosts)

8) Techniques of exhalting the spectral signal: ATR, SERS, RRS.

9) Instrumental aspects: Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy; Raman/IR microscopy; confocality, imaging,; Lasers (gas and solid state,continuous and pulsed), synchrotron light source, Detectors.

10) Time resolved spectroscopy and non linear optic materials (second Harmonic Generation).

11) Magnetic spectroscopies: Fundamentals of NMR; bidimensional NMR; NMR on solids; EPR; fundamentals of EPR; EPR for solids (F centres)

Readings/Bibliography

The teacher will provide students with a text for the exam preparation.

Further readings:

J. I. Gersten and F. W. Smith, The Physics and Chemistry of materials, J. Wiley ans Sons, Inc. 2001, Canada

H. Kuzmany, Solid-State Spectroscopy, An Introduction, Springer-Verlag, 2001 Berlin

Teaching methods

Lectures and critical discussions

Assessment methods

Oral exam

Teaching tools

PC Projector, Blackboard

Office hours

See the website of Maria Grazia Giorgini