- Docente: Stefano Lazzari
- Credits: 6
- SSD: ING-IND/10
- Language: Italian
- Teaching Mode: In-person learning (entirely or partially)
- Campus: Cesena
- Corso: First cycle degree programme (L) in Biomedical Engineering (cod. 0203)
Learning outcomes
The Course provides the basic knowledge of applied thermodynamics, of fluid mechanics and of heat transfer which is needed for a correct and critical approach to the energetic analysis of technical systems, to the study of fluid flow and to heat transfer problems.
Course contents
Applied Thermodynamics
Introduction and definitions - First law and energy - Second law - Thermodynamic temperature - Clausius inequality - Entropy - Statement of entropy non-diminshment - Simple systems - Gibbs equation - Phase rule - Energy balance for a control volume - Simple closed systems with a single chemical constituent - Specific heats - Equation of state and diagrams {p,T}, {p,v} - Ideal gases: Joule's law; internal energy, enthalpy and entropy changes - Properties of liquids (outlines) - Properties of saturated vapors - Clapeyron's equation - Properties of superheated vapors and of real gases (outlines) - Diagram {T,s}.
Fluid Dynamics
Definitions - Laminar and turbolent flows - Dynamic boundary layer - Viscosity - Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids - Stress tensor - Time derivative and total derivative - Main equations of isothermal flow: continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equations - Simple cases of laminar flow - Isothermal flow inside ducts: governing equations - Head losses - Friction factor - Moody diagram - Total dynamic head of pumps and fans - Pressure, velocity and flow rate measurements (outlines).
Heat Transfer
Conduction: Fourier's law - Fourier's equation - Simple cases of steady-state conduction in cartesian and cylindrical coordinates - Thermal resistance; thermal resistances in series and in parallel - Steady-state conduction with internal heat generation.
Convection: Forced, free and mixed convection flows - Main equations for non isothermal flows - Heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number - Dimensionless equations and relationships Nu = Nu (Re, Gr, Pr) for mixed convection - Thermal boundary layer - Forced convection: relationship Nu = Nu (Re, Pr), special cases, examples - Free convection: relationship Nu = Nu (Gr, Pr), special cases, examples.
Radiation: Introduction and definitions - Laws: Kirchhoff, Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck, Wien, Lambert - Gray surfaces - Heat exchange by radiation between black and gray surfaces.
Combined heat transfer problems: Introduction - Total thermal resistance and overall heat transfer coefficient.
Readings/Bibliography
The handwritten notes taken during the lessons and the material
given by the teacher are enough to prepare for the exam. In order
to achieve a deeper knowledge of some topics or for self-study, the
following books are suggested.
Suggested books :
1- Zanchini E., Termodinamica, Pitagora, Bologna, 1993.
2- Çengel Y. A., Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore, McGraw-Hill, Milano, 1999.
3- Cocchi A., Elementi di termofisica generale ed applicata, Progetto Leonardo, Società Editrice Esculapio, Bologna, 1990.
4- Esercizi di Fisica Tecnica, Volumi 1-10, Libreria Editoriale Petroni, Bologna.
5- Pnueli D., Gutfinger C., Meccanica dei fluidi, Zanichelli, 1995.
6- Fabbri G., Fluidodinamica applicata - 50 esercizi svolti, Progetto Leonardo, Esculapio, 1999.
7- Lazzari S., Pulvirenti B., Rossi di Schio E., Esercizi risolti di Termodinamica, Moto dei Fluidi e Termocinetica per i nuovi Corsi di Laurea in Ingegneria, Esculapio, 2006 (2nd edition).
Teaching methods
Practice.
Practical lessons are intended to show the applications of theory as well as to give a deeper knowledge of some topics.
Assessment methods
The exam deals with theoretical and practical topics and is divided in two parts: a written test and an oral examination.
Office hours
See the website of Stefano Lazzari