88148 - General Physics P

Learning outcomes

The student acquires a knowledge of the laws and the main concepts of general physics divided into the areas of mechanics, electromagnetism, optics and thermodynamics; acquires the training contents both through lectures and laboratory experiences; he learns to solve some simple but significant problems in general physics using the mathematical tools learned and verifying them later in the laboratory; he learns to place general physics problems in the correct specialized area, in preparation for the different areas of engineering.

Course contents

Mechanics

Kinematics. - Average speed, Instantaneous speed, Average acceleration, Instant acceleration. One-dimensional and two-dimensional motion. Uniform and parabolic circular motion. Tangential and angular velocity. Centripetal, tangential and angular acceleration.

Dynamics. Newton's laws. First, second and third law. Conservative forces. Static and dynamic friction, forces dependent on speed. Amount of motion, conservation principle. Angular momentum, moment of inertia, moment of a force. Conservation law of angular momentum. Rigid bodies. Rolling condition without crawling.

Mechanical Energy. Work, kinetic energy and potential, gravitational and elastic. Law of conservation of mechanical energy, theorem of living forces.

Gravitation. Laws of Kepler, gravitational force, motion of a satellite.

Fluids. Principle of Archimedes and Bernoulli's theorem.

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic systems and their transformations.- The zero principle of thermodynamics. Celsius-Kelvin-Farenheit thermometric scales. Temperature and thermometers. Thermodynamic transformations and changes of state. Laws of Volta, Gay-Lussac, Boyle, Avogadro.

The first principle of thermodynamics. - Adiabatic work, internal energy and the first principle of thermodynamics. Amount of heat and energy conservation in a generalized sense. Critical temperature. Thermal capacity, molar heat, specific and latent. The perfect gases: internal energy, Poisson equations.

The second principle of thermodynamics. - Reversibility and irreversibility. Cyclic thermal machines and their yield. The second principle of thermodynamics. Carnot cycle and theorem. Absolute thermodynamic temperature scale. Clausius theorem and Entropy status function. Entignment growth law.

Waves and Oscillations

Periodic motions. Simple pendulum, body hanging from a spring, free harmonic oscillator, muted and forced.

Waves. Progressive, regressive and stationary. Huygens Principle, Young's Interference and Two-Slit Diffraction.

Electromagnetism

Electricity. - Coulomb's law, field and electrical potential, Gauss's law for the electric field. Electrostatic potential, electrostatic potential energy, Faraday cage. Charges subject to electric fields. Continuity equation for the electric current. Introduction to Kirchhoff's electrical networks, capacity, resistance and laws. RMS values of voltage and current.

Magnetism. - Magnetic forces and their properties. First and second Laplace equation. Gauss's law for the magnetic field. Ampère's law - Maxwell. Faraday's law - Lenz.

Electromagnetism.- The Maxwell equations in intergral form. Overview of electromagnetic waves.

Readings/Bibliography

- FISICA per Scienze ed Ingegneria - Quinta Edizione

Serway Jewett - EdiSES edizioni

Volume Primo, Volume Secondo

- A.Bertin, M. Poli, A. Vitale, Fondamenti di Termodinamica, Esculapio Editore (Progetto Leonardo), Bologna

Teaching methods

- FISICA per Scienze ed Ingegneria - Quinta Edizione

Serway Jewett - EdiSES edizioni

Volume Primo, Volume Secondo

- A.Bertin, M. Poli, A. Vitale, Fondamenti di Termodinamica, Esculapio Editore (Progetto Leonardo), Bologna

Assessment methods

The verification of the lessons learned is based on a multiple choice quiz test, in open-book mode (10 points). A compulsory oral test will follow to complete the evaluation (12 points). The experiences made in the laboratory, and in particular the reports delivered by each student, will be discussed during the oral examination (6 points). If the sum of the single evaluations overcome 30 points, the candidate will be awarded with honors.

Office hours

See the website of Alessandro Gabrielli

See the website of Gabriele D'Amen