37216 - Anatomy (Part 3) (1)

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student is able to describe human macroscopic anatomy and topography of the central and peripheral nervous system and apparatus integumentary, endocrine, digestive and urogenital. Moreover the student is able to make recognition and diagnosis of organs of the microscopic peparations of the various parts of the digestive, urogenital, integumentary, and key structures of both NSC and PNS.

Course contents

Anatomy 3 is a module within the Integrated Course in Anatomy. Upon completion of the Integrated Course in Anatomy, students are expected to have acquired a thorough understanding of the morphological organization and the structural and functional relationships of the organ systems and body systems that constitute the human body under normal physiological conditions.

SPECIFIC COURSE CONTENT:

DIGESTIVE APPARATUS

Oral cavity and correaltaed formations . Topography, systematic anatomy, blood supply, innervation of the different sections of the digestive tract. Behavior of the peritoneum in relation to the development of organs.

URINARY SYSTEM

Kidney: Renal loggia, internal and external configuration, vascularization, innervation, functional anatomy of the nephron. Course, vessels and nerves of the urinary tract. Organogenesis of the urinary tract.

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Male gonads. Course of the spermatic tract and glands. External genital organs. Organogenesis the male genital system.

FEMALE GENITAL
Female gonads. Genital tract: uterine tubes, uterus, vagina. External genital organs. Mammary gland. Organogenesis the female genital system.

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Topography, macroscopic anatomy, microscopic and functional thyroid gland, parathyroid, adrenal, endocrine pancreas.

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Organization and development of the central nervous system.

Spinal cord: external and internal configuration. Spinal nerve roots. Organization of the gray substance and of the white substance.
Brain Stem: bulb, pons, midbrain. External configuration and reports. Fourth ventricle, brainstem, quadrigeminal plate, mesencephalic aqueduct.
Cerebellum: external and internal configuration, structure and architecture cerebellar cortex.
Diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus. III ventricle.
Telencephalon: general conformation. Fissures, lobes, gyri, cortex, brain areas. Lateral ventricles. Subcortical nuclei and organization of the white substance. Main commissural systems of the telencephalon. Limbic system.
Encephalic and spinal meninges: dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater, canvas and choroid plexus, the cerebrospinal fluid.
Vascularization of the neuraxis: vascularization of the spinal cord and brain. Internal carotid artery. Vertebrobasilar system. Circle of Willis. Cerebral arteries. Venous sinuses of dura mater. Autonomic nervous system: sympathetic nervous system and related complexes. Brainstem and sacral parasympathetic system.

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Spinal nerves, cranial nerves and autonomous nervous system.

Readings/Bibliography

Netter F., Atlante di Anatomia Umana, Edra formerly Elsevier

Anatomia del Gray , Edra formerly Elsevier

Felten et al. Atlante di Neuroscienze di Netter, Edra formerly Elsevier

Anatomia Umana, Anatasi et al., EdiErmes

Teaching methods

Lectures with extensive use of images, such as to facilitate the acquisition of fundamental anatomical basis through the stimulation of visual memory. The course is divided into a series of lectures which are accompanied by practical exercises.The teachers will conduct workshops dissection of corpses.

“As concerns the teaching methods of this course unit, all students must attend Module 1, 2 [https://www.unibo.it/en/services-and-opportunities/health-and-assistance/health-and-safety/online-course-on-health-and-safety-in-study-and-internship-areas] online, while Module 3 on health and safety is to be attended in class. Information about Module 3 attendance schedule is available on the website of your degree programme”

Assessment methods

The final verification consists of an oral exam in which the student must demonstrate acquired knowledge of systematic and topographical anatomy of the various organs and neuroanatomy. It 'also provided the recognition of a microscopic slide through a microscope.

The grade will be graduated from 18/30 to 30/30. The minimum grade can be achieved by a non-thorough knowledge of anatomy, between 18 and 25 for a fair knowledge, between 26 and 29 for a good knowledge. 30 represents excellent knowledge and “cum laude” is added in case of more than excellent knowledge.

Students with learning disorders and\or temporary or permanent disabilities: please, contact the office responsible (https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students) [(https:/site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students)] as soon as possible so that they can propose acceptable adjustments. The request for adaptation must be submitted in advance (15 days before the exam date) to the lecturer, who will assess the appropriateness of the adjustments, taking into account the teaching objectives.

Teaching tools

Lectures using computer presentations, laboratory dissection, models and computer programs

Office hours

See the website of Lucio Ildebrando Cocco