02882 - Anatomy

Learning outcomes

At the end of the module, the student is familiar with the conformation and structure of the various organs and apparatuses with regard to their macroscopic and microscopic appearance and the correlations between the regions of the human body. The knowledge gained is preparatory to the understanding of applied and clinical subjects.

Course contents

GENERAL: Anatomical terminology. Planes and axes of the human body. Hollow and solid organs.

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
BONES: Spinal column. Thoracic cage. Bones of the hip and pelvis as a whole. Bones of the scapular girdle. Upper limb bones. Lower limb bones. Skull in general. Cranial fossae.
JOINTS: Generalities on joints. Articulations of the spinal column (outline). Main joints of the upper limb and lower limb.
MUSCULES: Main muscle groups of the trunk and limbs.

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Spinal cord. Encephalon (brainstem, cerebellum, diencephalon, telencephalon, main brain areas). Meninges, ventricular cavities and cephalo-rachid fluid. Main nerve pathways.

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Notes on the cranial nerves. Generalities on the spinal nerves.

AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM: Organisation of the Parasympathetic and Orthosympathetic systems.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: Heart: macroscopic anatomy, conduction system and coronary arteries. Small and great circulation. Generalities on blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins). Course of the aorta artery. Course of hollow veins. Vascularisation of the limbs.

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM: lymphoid vessels and organs.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Airways (nasal cavities, larynx, trachea and bronchi). Lungs: macro- and microscopic anatomy, vascularisation, pleural lining.

DIGERENT APPARATUS: Oral cavity, major salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus. Stomach: macro- and microscopic anatomy. Small and large intestines: macro- and microscopic anatomy. Liver: macro- and microscopic anatomy, biliary tract, portal circulation. Exocrine and endocrine pancreas.

URINARY APPARATUS: Kidney: macro- and microscopic anatomy, vascularisation. Urinary tract (outline). Bladder.

MALE GENITAL SYSTEM: Testicles and spermatic ducts. Prostate. Male urethra.

FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM: Ovary, uterine tubes, uterus. Ovarian cycle and menstrual cycle.

ENDOCRINE APPARATUS: Hypophysis, adrenal glands, thyroid and parathyroids, pancreas.

TEGUMENTARY APPARATUS: Skin and skin adnexa. Mammary: macro- and microscopic anatomy.

Readings/Bibliography

Martini/Timmons/Tallisch: Anatomia Umana - EdiSES

Teaching methods

Lectures with extensive use of images, including from dissections, to encourage the acquisition of fundamental anatomical basics by stimulating visual memory.

Assessment methods

The test is oral and will consist of a series of questions designed to ascertain the student's knowledge of the topics covered in class.

Students with learning disorders and\or temporary or permanent disabilities: please, contact the office responsible (https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/en/for-students) as soon as possible so that they can propose acceptable adjustments. The request for adaptation must be submitted in advance (15 days before the exam date) to the lecturer, who will assess the appropriateness of the adjustments, taking into account the teaching objectives.

Teaching tools

PowerPoint presentations, observation of plastic models, projection of video-photos.

Office hours

See the website of Arianna Rustici

See the website of Alessia De Stefano