11493 - Aircraft and Aerospace Design

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course, the student knows the main rules of representation of the assemblies and parts. They can read a technical drawing. They know the standard components representation and their use. They understand the design solutions typical of the aerospace industry, and they know how the realization technologies can impact the design of a component. They possess the fundamental skill to realize a 2d drawing from a three-dimensional one, both in terms of representing it on the sheet and about the choice of materials and manufacturing technologies.

Course contents

Introduction to the course. Papers and instruments for design and drawings. Standard lines; inscriptions; basic geometrical constructions; rules of orthogonal projection methods; sections; cavalier and isometric perspective. Standards in technical design; type of drawing: parts, assembly, installation, exploded, for manufacturing. Technological tests and materials classification. Applications and nomenclature of materials used in aerospace: steel, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, composite materials (glass, carbon, kevlar fibres); thermal processing. Standard numbers; Renard series; dimensional and geometrical tolerances; roughness; micro and macro geometrical errors. Joints; threaded connections; hot and cold riveting; shaft-hub joints; conical elements joints; other joints; articulated joints and guide. Lubrication methods. Plain bearings; rolling bearings; bearings assemblies; seal systems. Elastic and rigid joints; transmissions with belts and pulleys; friction wheels, gears; worm gears. Design and sketching of aerospace components.

Readings/Bibliography

Lecture notes delivered during the course, accessible on the University page to the students of the University of Bologna who selected the exam in the study plan (website: virtuale.unibo.it).

Further resources helpful to students interested in a deeper analysis of the course topics:

- Manfè, Pozza, Scarato - Disegno Meccanico – Principato Editore, Milano, Voll. 1, 2, 3

-Chirone, Tornincasa – Disegno Tecnico Industriale – Edizione Capitello, Torino, Voll. 1, 2

- UNI M1, Norme per il disegno tecnico, UNI, Milano.

- Megson, Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students, Fourth Edition (Elsevier Aerospace Engineering)

Teaching methods

The course consists of 6CFU, corresponding to 60 hours, of which 30 are lectures (module 1) and 30 are practical drawing exercises (module 2). Practical exercises are carried out in the classroom, which is equipped with drawing tables, and in the computer room. Practical lessons aim to teach students technical drawing by hand. The aspects related to the drawing, the setting of dimensional/geometric tolerances (GD&T), and roughness are also dealt with by revealing how these are managed in the CAD codes.

In consideration of the teaching methods adopted in this course unit, all the students must attend Modules 1 and 2 on Health and Safety (https://www.unibo.it/en/services-and-opportunities/health-and-assistance/health-and-safety/online-course-on-health-and-safety-in-study-and-internship-areas) in e-learning mode.

Assessment methods

The final exam evaluates the achievement of the following educational objectives:
- The main representation rules of assemblies and parts' drawings are correctly applied.
- The reading skills of an assembly drawing and a technical drawing of a component are shown by the student.
- The views of the three-dimensional component in the sheet are in the correct position.

The mark that the student achieves during the examination is assigned taking into account the results of the written part of the examination (constructive drawing of a particular starting from the assembly) and oral (some questions that may concern theoretical aspects or the sketching of a component). To access the writing, the students must have completed 20 drawings that are delivered and solved on the blackboard during the exercise lessons. Students must present themselves in the written test equipped with drawing sheets and tools for hand drawing. The written test lasts 1h15 minutes, and after the test is completed, a correction is made on the blackboard. About 1-2 hours after the end of the written part of the exam (depending on the number of students who did the written exams), the students are individually called to the desk to view the corrections of their work and to learn their mark for the written part. Once the vision of the tasks is finished, the oral tests begin and end the same day, or the next day in case of a large number of students. The examination procedures are communicated to the students on the first day of the course.

Teaching tools

The teaching material presented in class will be available to the student in electronic format via the web. Please visit: virtuale.unibo.it to obtain the educational material. The material is reserved for the students of the University of Bologna who include the course in the study plan and is for personal use only.

Any student unable to attend can find the drawings to be done by hand (including a possible solution) on the virtuale.unibo.it website.
The website includes both drawings to be done by hand and a summary of the theoretical topics covered in the course.

Office hours

See the website of Alessandro Ceruti

See the website of Antonio Bacciaglia