37223 - Internal Medicine I

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student knows the general principles of pathophysiology as regards the needs of interpretation of future clinical activity. In particular, knowledge of these principles allows a complete understanding of the elements that underlie the altered functioning of organs and systems from which both semiological and clinical aspects derive. The student will also be able to correctly deal with the clinical approach to the patient as regards the component of physical objectivity, with an ability to independently evaluate different systems and in relation to the knowledge of investigation procedures typical of clinical methodology. The integration between the knowledge of clinical pathophysiology and semiotics makes the student able to understand and address the elementary bases of diseases in a preparatory manner for the future development of the course of study.

Course contents

1. General approach to physical examination.

· Inspection: techniques and methods

· Palpation: techniques and methods

· Percussion: techniques and methods

· Listening: techniques and methods

· Doctor-patient relationship during the physical examination

· Hygiene rules during the physical examination

 

2. Approach to the semiotics of the heart:

· Inspection, palpation, percussion and listening

· Heart listening locations

· Heart tones: physiology and pathological aspects

· Heart sounds added: T3 and T4

· Systolic clicks

· Heart murmurs: physiology and pathological aspects

· General information on signs and symptoms of heart disease

3. Approach to the semiotics of the peripheral vascular system

· Inspection, palpation and listening

· Arterial pulses

· Signs and symptoms of arterial ischemia AAII

· Signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency AAII

4. Approach to the semiotics of the respiratory system:

· Inspection, palpation, percussion and listening

· Tactile vocal fremitus

· Vesicular murmur and added noises (wet and dry)

· Semiological notes on the main respiratory diseases (asthma, pulmonary emphysema, lobar pneumonia, pleural effusion, pneumothorax)

5. Approach to the semiotics of the liver and biliary tract

· Natural history of chronic liver disease (hepatitis, compensated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis)

· Inspection, percussion and palpation of the liver

· Physiopathological aspects of cirrhosis

· Signs and symptoms of the patient with cirrhosis

· Laboratory tests and instrumental tests in liver disease

6. Vital parameters

· Pulse and heart rate

· Blood pressure

· The respiratory rate The fever

7. Kidney semiotics

· Notes on physiology

· Physical semiotics

· Laboratory semiotics

Radiological semiotics

8. Semiotics of the urinary tract

· Notes on physiology

· Physical semiotics

· Laboratory semiotics

· Radiological semiotics

· Endoscopic semiotics

9. Abdominal semiotics

· Notes on physiology

· Physical semiotics

· Laboratory semiotics

· Radiological semiotics

· Endoscopic semiotics

10. The multiorgan semiotics of shock

11. the semiotics of the joints

· Notes on physiology

· Physical semiotics

· Laboratory semiotics Radiological semiotics

· Ultrasound semiotics

12. semiotics of the central nervous system

· Notes on physiology

· Physical semiotics

· Laboratory semiotics

· Radiological semiotics

Teaching methods

frontal lessons

Office hours

See the website of Marco Domenicali

See the website of Paolo Caraceni

See the website of Fernando Rizzello