91187 - Fundamentals of Astrophysics

Learning outcomes

The aim of this course is to obtain a general understanding of physical properties of stars and galaxies. At the end of the lectures the student will know the equations that regulate the internal structure of the stars, the sources of energy production, the structure of stellar atmosphere and the formation theory of the spectral lines. The student will acquire a general knowledge of morphological, structural and dynamical properties of stellar systems (stellar clusters, galaxies, ...). Hence, he/she will acquire the necessary bases to understand the structural and evolutionary properties of stars and galaxies.

Course contents

This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the physical properties and fundamental processes governing stars, stellar systems, galaxies, and the large-scale structure of the universe. The main topics covered include:

• Astronomical Data & Tools

• Celestial Mechanics & the Solar System

• Radiative Processes

• Classification of Stars & Stellar Atmospheres

• Stellar Interiors

• Stellar Evolution

• Fate of Massive Stars & Stellar Remnants

• The Interstellar Medium (ISM)

• Star Formation

• Galaxies & Galaxy Clusters

• Cosmology & Large Scale Structure

Readings/Bibliography

Required materials:

• Lecture notes and slides provided by the lecturer.

Recommended textbooks:

• "An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics", Carroll & Ostlie, 2nd ed. 2014, Person Education Limited;

• "Fundamentals of astrophysics", Stan Owocki, 1st ed. 2021, Cambridge University Press.

Teaching methods

The course will be delivered through in-person lectures in the classroom, supported by the use of a blackboard and a video-projector. The main theoretical concepts will be developed progressively, following a guided approach. Lectures will also include time dedicated to the analysis of applied problems, in order to promote active learning and consolidate the theoretical knowledge acquired.

Assessment methods

Learning will be assessed through an oral examination, during which three distinct topics covered in the course will be discussed. The first question will be based on a topic freely chosen by the student. The exam may also include the resolution of simple problems similar to those discussed in class. The aim of the oral exam is to verify the level of knowledge of the topics covered in class and the ability of the student to link them coherently.

Grading criteria (final mark out of 30):

• 18–19: knowledge limited to a small number of course topics; analytical skills evident only with guidance from the instructor; generally correct use of language.

• 20–24: sufficient knowledge of a fair number of topics; independent analysis limited to routine problems; correct use of language.

• 25–29: solid knowledge of a wide range of topics; ability to make autonomous and critical assessments; good command of technical terminology.

• 30–30L: comprehensive understanding of course topics; fully autonomous critical thinking and connections across topics; full command of specialized terminology and strong argumentative and reflective skills.

Students with learning disabilities or temporary or permanent disabilities: please contact the relevant University office promptly (https://site.unibo.it/studenti-con-disabilita-e-dsa/eng). The office will advise students of possible adjustments, that will be submitted to the professor for approval 15 days in advance. They will evaluate their suitability also in relation to the academic objectives of the course.

Teaching tools

The following tools will be used to support teaching activities:

• Blackboard and video-projector for the presentation and development of theoretical and applied content during lectures.

• Lecture slides/notes provided by the instructor (in digital format), available on the Virtuale learning platform. 

Office hours

See the website of Federico Marinacci