81906 - Industrial Design 6

Learning outcomes

The module is designed to provide students with the necessary tools to manage and develop complex representations that are instrumental in ensuring the producibility and industrial feasibility of a product. Through the course, students will acquire the ability to approach design processes by effectively leveraging the potential of automated representation systems, and to communicate their design decisions with clarity and precision through appropriate visual means.

Course contents

The automobile has been the quintessential symbol of the 20th century: a pervasive icon that has shaped the land and the city, influenced global lifestyles, oriented consumption patterns and defined many of the characteristics of the advanced capitalist production system.
However, the first two decades of the new millennium have made clear the urgency of a radical transformation of the mobility system. Growing environmental pressure, depletion of fossil resources, urban congestion, the limitations of existing infrastructure, and the emergence of new social and cultural needs are reshaping priorities and paradigms.
Mobility today is at the center of a profound reconfiguration that invests means, networks, usage patterns, access logics and energy dimensions.
In this scenario, the human component is confirmed as the most vulnerable element of the system. Human error remains the main cause of accidents, often amplified by distraction, fatigue or context complexity. At the same time, the daily experience of mobility-understood not only as driving but as multimodal travel-is often stressful, inefficient, and fragmented. In many cities, time lost in traffic and transfers significantly affects quality of life, going so far as to erode a significant proportion of individual time.
The environmental impact of the current system is equally critical. Air and noise pollution, land consumption, and the energy requirements of urban and suburban mobility are major factors in climate change and the reduction of the livability of territories.
The cultural meaning of mobility has also changed. If in the 20th century it was an expression of emancipation and status, today it is increasingly configured as a shared, accessible, intelligent service. The younger generations show a less proprietary relationship with means and more oriented toward experience and functionality.
In parallel, the adoption of advanced technologies-such as distributed sensing, pervasive connectivity, artificial intelligence, predictive systems, and real-time data management-is increasing the technical and managerial complexity of the mobility system. This requires new interfaces between infrastructure, vehicles, digital platforms and people, which are often still anchored in outdated models.
In light of the transformations taking place, it appears increasingly necessary to critically and systemically rethink the relationship between mobility and the individual, shifting the focus from infrastructural or vehicular aspects alone to what can be called the "relational components" of the system: the set of material, digital and spatial elements that construct the concrete experience of movement.
This includes interaction and orientation devices, safety and feedback systems, digital interfaces, comfort and accessibility services, information and entertainment environments, as well as the physical spaces of waiting, transit and interchange. It is from these elements-critical nodes in the relationship between body, technology, and context-that the quality of contemporary mobility is at stake today, and that a renewed
design capable of restoring centrality to the human experience in complex mobility systems should be oriented.

Articulation
The richness that the three lecturers can bring to this teaching laboratory is characterized by the integration of the 3 knowledge that converge in the analysis and development of these projects: product design, process and systems engineering, cognitive ergonomics and Human Machine Interaction.
Therefore, the students, divided into groups, will be prioritized to be administered by an assigned faculty member who will assist the advancement of the projects. All research and project advances, at the end of the phase, will be shared with all three lecturers simultaneously in order to better integrate expertise and return the complexity of the topic to the students.

Content referable to Prof. Flaviano Celaschi's module
The module expresses content referable to two sets that interact in this lab:
- design driven innovation methodologies (Advanced Design, User Studies, Design Thinking, Codesign, anticipation and applied futures sciences);
- systemic analysis of the automotive product and of the opportunities and problems that appear to be plannable by the contemporary designer.

Contents referable to the module of Prof. Leonardo Frizziero
The module is characterized by the description and application of Methodologies peculiar to Industrial Engineering, applicable to products in the automotive field. In particular:
- IDeS Industrial Design Structure, for the organization of an industrial design.
- DFSS Design For Six Sigma, for the systematic implementation of project phases - SDE Stylistic Design Engineering, for style-oriented design
- QFD Quality Function Deloyment, geared toward market analysis
- Benchmarking, oriented toward competitive analysis
- Top Flop Analysis to define innovation goals
The activities will find space within projects that simulate the realization of a product in the corporate environment.

Contents referable to the module of Prof. Roberto Montanari
The object of this part of the course is to learn the fundamentals of the so-called On-Board Information, that part of vehicle design that deals with the interaction between the driver and the traditional and innovative content provided to him/her while driving, both in support of the driving itself and in support of a better user experience.The module aims to investigate how the epochal transformations of the vehicle-autonomous driving, electrification, connectivity between vehicles and infrastructure, active and preventive safety systems-are directing designers to rethink many of the interactive practices inside and outside the cockpit. These interactive practices particularly concern the Human Machine Interface (HMI) of the car and the ergonomic, primarily cognitive, processes that must be introduced to meet new design challenges.
The activity will involve the study of the technologies that are changing the vehicle (automation, electrification, and connectivity), the interaction technologies that are emerging (innovative displays, voice and gesture interaction systems, etc.), and the principles of cognitive ergonomics and interaction design needed to design new HMIs. The study phase will be accompanied by a virtual prototyping and validation phase using ergonomic and experiential verification methodologies. Of course, the classroom work will be accompanied by cases and testimonials.

Readings/Bibliography

• Celaschi, F., Non Industrial Design, Luca Sossella editore, Milano 2017

• Casoni, G., Celaschi, F., Human Body design, Franco Angeli, Milano 2020

• Norman, D., Il Design del futuro, Apogeo, Milano 2008

• Frizziero, L. et al., Developing innovative crutch using IDeS (industrial design structure)

  methodology, Applied Sciences (Switzerland), Vol. 9, Iss. 23, 1 December 2019, nr. 5032

• Frizziero, L., Liverani, A., Nannini, L., Design for six sigma (DFSS) applied to a new eco-

  motorbike, Machines, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2019, nr. 52

• Montanari, R., Interaction Design nei sistemi intelligenti, MIMESIS, Milano 2020

Further timely references will be given by the lecturer during the lectures in the first block.
Projects carried out in past years are available on the Mobility Contemporary System website

Teaching methods

The course is divided into 3 phases:
- PHASE 1: seminar (Ex cathedra lectures and guest lectures in presence or digital seminars)
- PHASE 2: analysis (Groups explore in both field and desk modes the issues that have been agreed upon with the faculty)
- PHASE 3: project and prototype (analysis finds synthesis and form and focuses on the solution)
At the end of each phase, a paper is required in the form of a slideshow summary that will be presented to all other students and will be evaluated as an interim progress judgment for each group. The teaching activities will be enriched, during the seminar phase, by talks from experts in the field who will offer specialized contributions useful in broadening and integrating the perspectives addressed in the course.

Assessment methods

The examination consists of the evaluation of the final project result, which will be mediated with the evaluations that collegially the teachers will give to the intermediate phase of analysis and the active participation of the students in all moments of the course.

Teaching tools

- Lectures with slide-show projection

- Testimonials and talks by guest experts on the topic

- Collective and individual reviews

- VIRTUAL: faculty-student communications; uploading teaching materials; delivery student materials; forums with students/community

-MIRO: for brainstorming and other forms of shared planning

Office hours

See the website of Flaviano Celaschi

See the website of