03467 - Endocrinology

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student should know the bio-molecular bases that supervise the control of hormone secretion and the growth of the endocrine glands. Under a correct gender perspective the student will have learned the pathophysiological bases, presentation scenarios, diagnosis and therapy of diseases characterized by reduced or increased hormone production or altered hormonal function and drug-induced endocrine diseases; of neoplasms originating from cells of endocrine origin and of endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes; male and female gonadal disorders and rare, genetic and/or malformative diseases with endocrine characterization; endocrine-metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, gout, hyperlipemia and arterial hypertension of endocrine origin; diseases of bone mineral metabolism (osteoporosis, hypercalciuria). The student will be able to critically evaluate the specific literature in the field of endocrinology and metabolism to address clinical endocrinology cases from a gender perspective.

Course contents

1) The endocrine system: general information, classification of hormones, hormonal resistance

2) Hypothalamic-pituitary diseases: pituitary adenomas and hypopituitarisms. Endocrine evaluations of the pituitary.

3) Thyroid diseases: thyroid nodule, goiter, thyroid carcinomas, thyroiditis, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Endocrine evaluation of the thyroid.

4) Parathyroid and calcium metabolism diseases: hypoparathyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, osteoporosis

5) Metabolic bone diseases: Paget

6) Adrenocortical diseases: congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypoadrenalism, hyperadrenalism, incidentalomas, pheochromocytoma. Endocrine assessment of the adrenal gland.

7) Endocrine hypertension: hyperaldosteronism. Endocrine causes of arterial hypertension.

8) Male hypogonadism, infertility and erectile dysfunction. Endocrine evaluation of the testis. Sdr. by Klinefelter.

9) Endocrine diseases of the ovary: PCOS. Endocrine evaluation of the ovary.

10) Female hypogonadism. Amenorrhea. Sdr. by Turner.

11) Multiple endocrine neoplasia MEN-1, MEN-2, MEN-4

12) Diseases of the diffuse endocrine system, polyendocrinopathies, paraneoplastic syndromes (SIADH).

13) Diabetes insipidus.

14) Carbohydrate turnover disorders: diabetes mellitus. Acute and chronic complications of diabetes. Hypoglycemia.

15) Lipoprotein metabolism disorders: hyperlipidaemias

16) Disorders of purine metabolism: gout

17) Obesity. metabolic syndrome. Eating disorders.

For all topics, notions about therapy are also provided

Readings/Bibliography

Slides and lecture notes/recordings are necessary and sufficient for successfully passing the Endocrinology course. The following textbooks may be useful for further study/consultation:

-Endocrinologia & Malattie del Metabolismo di Giugliano D. Ed. Idelson-Gnocchi (Italian language)

-Endocrinologia clinica, di UNIENDO Ed. Minerva Medica (Italian language)

-Malattie del sistema endocrino e del metabolismo di Faglia G. e Beck-Peccoz P. Ed. McGraw-Hill 4°Edizione (Italian language)

-Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (English language)

-Endocrinologia Clinica di Ziliotto D. Piccin-Nuova Libraria Endocrinologia Clinica (Italian language)

-Malattie del sistema endocrino e del metabolismo di Camanni F. e Ghigo E. Ed. Edi-Ermes 4° Edizione (Italian language)

-Manuale di Endocrinologia a cura di f. Lombardo e A.Lenzi. Ed. EdiSES (Italian language)

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons with presentation of the topics in the program through the use of slides. Discussion of clinical cases.

Assessment methods

The exams of the integrated course will be held with the commission made up of endocrinologists and gastroenterologists.

The oral exam consists of questions on the topics covered in class. The final mark is given by the average of the two marks obtained in the gastroenterological part and in the endocrine-metabolic part.

Teaching tools

Ppt slides and suggested ltextbook

Office hours

See the website of Carla Pelusi