30780 - General Physics T

Learning outcomes

This course is intended to provide the concepts and the methods at the basis of classical mechanics. An essential objective of the course is to introduce the laws of dynamics stating the quantitative and predictive nature of physics: mechanics laws, energy, work.

Course contents

Program

Measurements and unities

Introduction; measurements; fundamental quantities and units; units and derived dimensions; space, time and matter.
Vectors

Vectors, operations between vectors, reference systems.
Kinematics in two and three dimensions

Rectilinear motion, velocity and acceleration; some special motions; vector representation of velocity and acceleration; relative motions, composition of velocity and accelerations and Galilean transformations; curvilinear motion, velocity and tangential and normal accelerations; circular motion, angular, radial and transversal velocities and angular acceleration; Poisson transformation; relative motions with respect to reference systems in translational and rotational motion; Coriolis acceleration.
Force, quantity of motion and momenta

First law of the dynamics (the law of inertia); inertial reference systems; forces and the second (2nd) law of dynamics; some examples about forces; third law of dynamics; some applications of second law; elastic force and resolution of the equation of motion for harmonic oscillations; friction and its properties; resistance of a medium and limit velocity; circular uniform motion, centripetal force and motion discussion in the rotational reference system; quantity of motion (linear momentum); torque of a force; angular version of the 2nd law of dynamics.
Work and energy

Work of a force and power; kinetic energy; unit of the energy; work of a constant force; potential energy and relation with the work; relation between the torque of a force and the potential energy in the curvilinear planar motion; conservation of the energy of a particle and conservative forces; non-conservative forces and energy dissipation.
Particle systems, collisions, rigid bodies and equilibrium

Motion of the centre of mass of a particle system, isolated system; system subjected to external forces; reduced mass; angular momentum of a particle system; energy conservation of a particle system and total energy; internal energy of a particle system; particle collisions; elastic and inelastic collisions; rigid body and its angular momentum; equation of motion for the rotation of a rigid body; rotational kinetic energy of a rigid body; pure rolling motion; equilibrium of a rigid body.

Readings/Bibliography

S. Focardi, I. Massa, A. Uguzzoni, M. Villa, “Fisica Generale – Meccanica e Termodinamica”, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana;

•Silvestrini, Mencuccini, “Fisica 1 – Meccanica e Termodinamica”, Liguori Editore;

• D. C. Giancoli, “Fisica 1”, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana;

•Alliday, Resnick, “Fisica 1”, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana;

•Mazzoldi, Nigro, Voci, “Elementi di Fisica. Meccanica e termodinamica”, EdiSES;

Exercise books:

• M. Villa, A. Uguzzoni: Esercizi di Fisica, Maccanica
  
  
• S. De Falco, A. Quaranta, Problemi di esame di Fisica Generale, Pitagora editrice, Bologna.
  
  
• A. Bertin, S. De Castro, N. Semprini Cesari, A. Vitale, A. Zoccoli, Problemi di Esame di Fisica Generale,
  Società editrice Esculapio s.r.l. - Progetto Leonardo - Bologna.

Teaching methods

Frontal lessons will be used, in presence or online depending on pandemic situation.

Slides will be used during lessons complemented with hand-written explanation directly projected on the slides by the professor.

Slides will be available on Virtuale: https://virtuale.unibo.it/ before the beginning of the lessons in order to avoid students to loose time in recopying them.

During lessons 4 quiz will be proposed to students and 3 extra points will be give to those students who will completed them in 1/2 weeks from the assignment.

Assessment methods

Final exams with:

• a written part consisting of 4 exercises. The exams is considered passed with at least 18/30 points in absence of tempted quiz or with at least 15/30 if the 3 extra points have been achieved.

• an oral part with questions about all the program, theorems and demonstrations.

Teaching tools

The presence at the final exams must be confirmed at least 3 days before written or oral exam date by signing up on the web page:

[http://almaesami.unibo.it/almaesami/studenti]

Office hours

See the website of Sara Valentinetti