87978 - Accelerators and Plasma Physics

Learning outcomes

At the end of the course the student will acquire the basic knowledge of the acceleration mechanisms of charged particles. After an overview of the main types of accelerators, the course will focus on the description of the beam dynamics, introducing basic concepts as emittance, beta function and dispersion. Physics of plasmas will also be introduced, with particular emphasis to laser-driven plasma accelerators. The student will be able to conceive simple accelerator systems and solve simple related problems.

Course contents

Accelerator Applications: a brief overview of the applications of particle accelerators in the fundamental and applied physics.
Electromagnetic Theory: the structure of the magnetic lattice in a particle accelerator, the transfer map for the magnetic elements,
the stability problem of reference orbit, electron and proton beam dynamics.

Kinematics of Particle Beams: the Hamiltonian formalism to describe the motion of charge particle in magnetic lattice,
definition of the reference orbits and the coordinate system for the betartronic and longitudinal dynamics.

Transverse Linear Beam Dynamics: elements of linear optics in a circular and linear accelerator, the betatronic motion in a magnetic lattice, Courant-Snyder theory, the FODO cell and the concept of tune of a partcle accelerator.

Longitudinal Beam Dynamics: the basic principle of longitudinal dynamics in the Radio-Frequency cavities.

Particle Motion in Hamiltonian Formalism: the multipolar effects in a particle accelerator.

Beam injection and extraction: discussion the main problems related to the injection process and the beam extraction in circuclar particle accelerators.

Non-linear beam dynamics: the problem of stability in presence of non-linear magnetic fields, the dynamic aperture concept, the non-linear Poincarè map for transverse dynamics, elements of Hamiltonian perturbation theory, multipolar effects of superconducting magnets, the beam-beam interaction, the problem of ripples in the magnetic currents, the adiabatic invariant theory and its application to particle accelerators.

Collective Effects: multiparticle dynamics, moving from single particles to multiparticle systems space charge effects, wake fields, longitudinal and transverse wake fields and impedances,
coupled bunches and single bunch instabilities in the transverse and the longitudinal planes.
Beam Instrumentation and beam Diagnostics.

Readings/Bibliography

H. Wiedemann Particle Accelerator Physics Springer International Publishing, 2015


G. Stupakov, G. Penn Classical Mechanics and Electromagnetism in Accelerator Physics, Springer, 2018


I. Hofmann Space Charge Physics for Particle Accelerators Springer, 2017

S.Y. Lee, Accelerator Physics, World Scientific, 2012

M.G. Minty, F. Zimmermann, Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams, Springer, 2003

 

Teaching methods

ex cathedra teaching and use of simulation computer codes

Assessment methods

oral exams on selected topics presented in the course

Teaching tools

use of computer for model simulations

Office hours

See the website of Armando Bazzani

See the website of Massimo Giovannozzi