84359 - General Pathology Laboratory (G2)

Learning outcomes

Identify the morphological consequences of pathological processes through slide review.

Course contents

A- General Pathology

1- Course outline; cell adaptation (hypertrophy, atrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia)

2- Cell injury; cellular senescence; Free radicals

3- Ca2+ related disorders; Autophagy

4- Cell death (apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, anoikis, pyroptosis, NETosis, entosis, ferroptosis)

5- Acute inflammation: cellular mediators

6- Acute inflammation: soluble mediators

7- Dystrophic and metastatic calcifications

8- Resolution of inflammation

9- Injuries by exotoxins and biological effects of endotoxins

10- Alcohol-related diseases

11- Chronic inflammation; granulomatous diseases

12- Steatosis

13- Wound Healing: regeneration, repair and granulation tissue; Pathogenesis of fibrosis

14- Environmental pathology (electricity, chemicals)

15- Radiation; smoking

16- Non-coding RNA related diseases

B- General Physiopathology

1-Cirrhosis and amyloidosis

2- Hypertension

3- Edema: etiology and pathogenesis

4- Atherosclerosis: etiology and pathogenesis

5- Atherosclerosis: general features and classification

6- Hypoxia and cyanosis: etiology and pathogenesis

7- Thermal regulatory dysfunction; burns; altitude-related illness

8- Systemic effects of inflammation; fever

9- Endothelial dysfunctions

10- Physiopathology of coagulation and hemorrhagic diseases

11- Thrombosis: classification, etiology and pathogenesis

12- Diabetes

13- Metagenomics and diseases

14- Embolism: classification, etiology and pathogenesis

15- Sepsis; disseminated intravascular coagulation

16-Infarction: etiology and pathogenesis; Shock: etiology and pathogenesis

Readings/Bibliography

Rubin’s Pathology 7th, Wolters Kluwer ed

Teaching methods

The General Pathology and General Physiopathology courses consist of 8 CFU of 64 hours of lectures supported by slides. Attendance to learning activities is mandatory; the minimum attendance requirement to be admitted to the final exam is 66% of lessons.

Assessment methods

Student learning will be checked at the end of the Integrated Course “Basic Mechanisms of Diseases” by a computer-based written exam. Knowledge in Immunology, General Pathology, General Physiopathology and General Pathology Laboratory will be evaluated by four free-answer questions, in a 90-minute test. A passing grade in each question (i.e. mark above or equal to 18/30) is required to obtain the final assessment.

The final mark will be calculated as the weighted mean (based on CFUs) of the four marks.

Exam marks will be published after 5 days on AlmaEsami. The student can refuse the mark within 2 days from publication by emailing Prof. Bonafe from the institutional email address @studio.unibo.it, using “Refusal” as email object.

2 days after the publication, the acceptance of the final mark will be taken for granted and the grade will be recorded.

Marks below 18 (failing grades) will not be recorded. Marks equal to 30 in all the questions will be awarded with a 30 cum laude (30 with honors).

In case of failure or refusal, students can retake the exam on the first available examination date.

Teaching tools

Teaching slides will be available on line at Unibo e-learning website https://iol.unibo.it

Office hours

See the website of Paolo Garagnani