66707 - THERMOPHYSICS AND ACOUSTICS OF CONSTRUCTIONS T

Course contents

1. THERMODYNAMICS

1.1 Introduction.
Introduction to Thermodynamics.
Principle zero of Thermodynamics.

Temperature and temperature measurement units.

1.2 First and secondprinciple.
First principle of Thermodynamics for closed systems.
Second principle of Thermodynamics for closed systems:
statement by Kelvin-Planck, Clausius and their equivalence.
The Carnot machine.Thermodynamic temperature.
Irreversibility of natural phenomena.

1.3 Open systems.
Mass balance for open systems.
Energy balance for open systems.
Practical examples.
Pressure drop. The chimney formula.

1.4 Air and vapour mixtures.
Description of air and vapour mixtures.

Psychrometric transformations.
Basics of environmental control.
Measurement of relative humidity.

2. HEAT TRANSFER

2.1 Conduction.
Fourier law. Fourier equation.
Steady state solutions: plane layer, cylindric layer.
Critical radius.
Electric analogy and its limits.
Measurement of thermal conductivity.
Materials for the thermal insulation.

2.2 Convection.
Coefficient of convection.
Dimensional analysis and similarity.
Forced, natural and mixed convection.
Dynamic and thermal boundary layer.

2.3 Thermal radiation.
Basic definitions. Black and grey bodies.
Laws of Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck, Wien, Lambert, Kirchhoff.
Energy exchange between surfaces.
Solar radiation.

2.4 Combined heat transfer.
Global coefficient of heat transfer.

3. APPLIED ACOUSTICS

3.1 Physical acoustics.
The nature of sound. Main acoustic quantities.
Sound speed in various media.
Plane, spherical, cylindrical, standingwaves.

3.2 Psychoacoustics (introduction).
Human hearing system.
Annoyance and damage due to noise.

3.3 Sound levels,decibels and spectra.
Decibel scale.
(1/n) octave filters.
Frequency weighting curves.
Sound levels metrics.
Sound level meters.
Fourier analysis (introduction).

3.4 Outdoor noise.
Sound propagation outdoors.
Noise barriers.
Laws and standards.
Noise from factories, roads, railways, airports.

3.5 Building acoustics.
Sound insulation: basic laws.
Laws and standards.
Evaluation of the acoustic performance of buildings from the performance of their components.

3.6 Room acoustics.
Geometric approximation.
Statistic-energetic approximation. Reverberation.
Sabine and Norris-Eyring formulae for the reverberation time.
Wave approach (introduction).
Sound absorbing materials and systems.

Readings/Bibliography

Y.A. Çengel, Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore, McGraw-Hill, 3a Ed., Milano (2009).

Y.A. Çengel, J.M. Cimbala, Meccanica dei fluidi, McGraw-Hill, 2a Ed., Milano (2011).

S. Lazzari, B. Pulvirenti, E. Rossi di Schio, Esercizi risolti di termodinamica, moto dei fluidi e termocinetica, Esculapio, Bologna (2004).

V. Corrado, E. Fabrizio, Applicazioni di termofisica dell'edificio e climatizzazione, Ed. CLUT, Torino (2005).

A. Magrini, L. Magnani, La progettazione degli impianti di climatizzazione negli edifici, Ed. EPC Libri, Roma, 2a ed. (2010).

R. Spagnolo (a cura di), Manuale di acustica applicata, De Agostini Scuola - Città Studi Edizioni, Torino (2008).

Teaching methods

During the lessons all the contents of the course will be treated. The lessons will be complemented by numerical exercises. A tutor will be available, outside lesson hours, for explanations and exercises.

Assessment methods

Two written tests (obligatory) and an oral examination. The questions aim to verify the student's knowledge of the matters presented during the lessons; the solution of a numerical problem may be requested, similar to those illustrated during the exercise time complementing the theoretical lessons.

Teaching tools

PC projector, overhead projector, tutor.

Links to further information

http://acustica.ing.unibo.it

Office hours

See the website of Massimo Garai