57435 - Theory of Organisation II

Academic Year 2011/2012

  • Docente: Giovan Francesco Lanzara
  • Credits: 10
  • SSD: SPS/04
  • Language: Italian
  • Teaching Mode: Traditional lectures
  • Campus: Bologna
  • Corso: First cycle degree programme (L) in Political and Organizational Sciences (cod. 8039)

Learning outcomes

The course is intended to teach the student advanced elements of neo-institutional analysis of organizations. Transaction costs theory will be taught in the first part of the course, while issues of organizational identity, symbolic governance, value and meaning will be illustrated in the second part. At the end of the course the syudent will be able of analysing different organizational forms and mechanisms of governance based on economic efficiency. S/he will also be able to understand and evaluate the different ways by which organizations and institutions relate to and influence their environment.

Course contents

The course is divided in two teaching modules. the first module illustrates and discusses the main mechanisms of organizational
coordination using transaction costs economics. the second module deals with the neo-institutional analysis of organizations and some interpretive methods from
sociology and anthropology.

first module

1. the problems of coordination and governance in complex societies: institutions and organizations; rules and actors; exchange perspectives and institutional
perspectives the society of organizations (perrow). organizations as mechanisms for economic coordination. transactions and transaction costs. why there is so
much variety of organizations?
2. where do transaction costs come from? human and environmental factors. uncertainty and small numbers. bounded rationality and opportunism.
information asymmetry and adverse selection. moral hazard. the organizational failures framework. case studies. exercises.
3. forms of governance and their main characteristics. markets, hierarchies, clans, networks.
4. the critical characteristics of transactions. uncertainty, frequency and specificity. spatial specificity, specificity of physical resources and of human resources. make
or buy decisions: the problem of efficient boundaries. employment contracts. governing human resources. exercises.
5. authority and agency. agency theory. more on bureaucracy. applications to the public sector. corrupton. loyalty and merit. case studies.
6. the role of trust in organizations. clan, community, peer group. norms, rules, and values. more on trust in society.

second module
7. the institutional analysis of organizations. organizations and institutions. organizational structure as myth and ceremony. isomorphism. the notion of organizational
field.
8. organizations as symbolic entities. identity, culture and meaning. reputation. myths, rituals, and ceremonies.
9. symbolic management. symbolic governance (geertz). the symbolic representation of power. centres, kings, and charisma. the negara.
10. wrap up of the course and conclusion.

Readings/Bibliography

PRIMO MODULO ( 5 settimane, 30 ore)

1) Douglas North, Istituzioni e cambiamento istituzionale: aspetti introduttivi, cap. 1 da Istituzioni, cambiamento istituzionale, evoluzione dell'economia, Bologna, 1994.
2) Douglas North, Una teoria dello scambio fondata sui costi di transazione, cap. 4, ibidem.
3) Martin Ricketts, I costi di transazione, da Giorgio Brosio (a cura di), La teoria economica dell'organizzazione, 1989.
4) Giorgio Brosio, La scelta tra il mercato e l'organizzazione (l'impresa),, cap. 2 da Introduzione all'economia dell'organizzazione, 1995.
5) Oliver Williamson, Mercati e gerarchie
6) Oliver Williamson, L'economia dell'organizzazione: il modello dei costi di transazione
7) Jay Barney e William Ouchi, Costi delle informazioni e strutture economiche di governo delle transazioni
8) William Ouchi, Uno schema per comprendere il fallimento dell'organizzazione
9) William Ouchi, La progettazione dei meccanismi di controllo organizzativo
10) Robert Eccles, Le quasi-organizzazioni nel settore edilizio
11) Anna Grandori, Autorità e agenzia, cap. 5 di Organizzazione e comportamento economico., 1999.
12) Terry Moe, La nuova economia dell'organizzzazione 8dal § 3 in poi)
13) Giorgio Brosio, Due problemi tipici delle organizzazioni. La corruzione. Merito o lealtà nel governo delle carriere?, cap. 9 da Introduzione all'economia dell'organizzazione, 1995.
14) STUDIO DI CASO - Un caso classico di integrazione verticale: General Motors contro Fisher Body
15) STUDIO DI CASO - Una riprova storica della teoria: la scelta tra eserciti mercenary ed eserciti nazionali
16) Alberto Mutti, Fiducia



SECONDO MODULO (5 settimane, 30 ore)

18) John Meyer e B. Rowan, Le organizzazioni istituzionalizzate: la struttura formale come mito e cerimonia, 1977.

19) Paul DiMaggio e Walter Powell, La gabbia di ferro rivisitata. Isomorfismo istituzionale e razionalità collettiva nei campi organizzativi
20) Per-Olof Berg e Pasquale Gagliardi, Immagini dell'impresa: lo studio del rapporto tra l'organizzazione e il suo ambiente in una prospettiva simbolica
21) Giovan Francesco Lanzara, La strategia del panda: come il WWF costruisce il proprio ambiente
22) Harrison Trice e Janice Beyer, Riti e cerimoniali: strumenti per lo studio delle culture organizzative
23) Clifford Geertz, Centri, re e carisma: riflessioni sul simbolismo del potere, da Antropologia interpretative.
24) Jeffrey Pfeffer, Il management come azione simbolica.

Teaching methods

Lectures. Home assignments and individual work in class.

Assessment methods

Two written examinations, consisting of 5 questions/problems, the first at the end of the first module, the second at the end of the course. Registration of the average grade if higher or equal to 18/30. Oral exam is possible as an integration.

Teaching tools

Blackboard and chalk. Overhead projector. PowerPoint presentations. Oral lectures.

Office hours

See the website of Giovan Francesco Lanzara