Professional and academic experiences
Since 2021. Ethics Advisor of the European H2020 project DEDICAT 6G "Dynamic coverage Extension and Distributed Intelligence for human Centric Applications with assured security, privacy, and Trust: from 5G to 6G"
Since 2019. Member of the External Ethics Advisory Board (EAB) and of the Security Board (SB) of the H2020 European project "ROXANNE Real time netwOrk, teXt and speaker ANalytics for,combating orgaNized crimE", H2020 Secure Societies Call SU-FCT02-2018-2019-2020.
Since 2018. Ethics Advisor, specialised consultant with expertise on ethical issues, compliance with data protection laws, H2020 European project RURITAGE "Heritage for rural regeneration".
Since 2016. Expert evaluator, European Commission, Research Executive Agency (REA).
Since 2016. Ethics expert. Assistance to the European Commission and the European Research Council Executive Agency (ERCEA) in the compliance of EU projects with H2020 ethics principles and monitoring of the implementation of Horizon 2020, FP7, EASME, REA, DG-Home, ERCEA actions.
Since 2015. Independent expert for European Research and Innovation. Monitor and rapporteur. Assistance to the European Commission in the monitoring of the implementation of actions based on “Horizon 2020” and “7th Framework Programme”.
Since 2014 - Innovation expert for European projects - European Commission, DG Information Society and Media, "Future Emerging Technologies - Open" Unit.
Since 2014 - Adjunct professor of Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna responsible for the course “IT and law” (6 CFU), Cesena campus.
Since 2013 - Independent Expert for European Research and Innovation - Project evaluator - European Commission, Directorate General Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG-CNECT).
University education
Academic year 2000/2001. PhD in Legal Informatics and ICT law at
CIRSFID (Inter-department Research Centre in Legal Informatics),
Bologna University. Thesis title: “Virtual Enterprises. Legal
Issues Arising from an Emerging ICT-Enabled Business Co-operation
Form”.
Academic year 1997/1998. Post-Graduate course in “German law and
the regulation of the trade exchanges between Italy and Germany”,
Inter-University Centre for the documentation and study of the
legal relations between Italy and Germany, Faculty of Law, Ferrara
University.
Academic year 1996/1997. University Degree (laurea) magna cum
laude in Business (professional/legal course), Faculty of
Business, Bologna University. Thesis title: “Il futuro del
commercio elettronico: la contrattualistica e la composizione delle
controversie” (“The Future of Electronic Commerce. Contracting and
Dispute Resolution”).
Academic year 1987/1988. University Diploma as
interpreter-translator for English and German, Higher School for
Interpreters and Translators, Bologna.
Academic titles
2010-present. Contract professor of "New technologies and Law"
(6 UFC), Degree in IT Engineering and "New technologies and Law LM"
(6 UFC), Specialised Degree in IT Engineering, II Faculty of
Engineering, Bologna University.
2005-present. Scientific qualification as Associate professor in
Legal Informatics (IUS/20 area), Foggia University.
2003-2010. Contract professor of New Technologies and Law,
Specialised degree in ICT Engineering, II Faculty of Engineering,
Bologna University.
1999-present. University assistant for the teachings of Legal
informatics and Legal philosophy, Faculty of Law, University of
Bologna.
Research contracts and study grants at University
institutions
2006-2009. Holder of study grant at CIRSFID, Bologna University,
in relation to the European research project “Automated Legal
Intelligent System” (ALIS).
2003-2005. Holder of 2-year research contract at CIRSFID, in
relation to the national project MIUR 40% 2003 “Fiducia e diritto
nella società dell'informazione. Promozione e tutela giuridica
della fiducia nel mercato, nelle istituzioni e nell'infrastruttura
tecnologica” (Trust and law in the Information Society. Promotion
and legal protection of trust in the market, in the institutions
and in the technological infrastructure)
2002-2003. Holder of 18-month research contract at CIRSFID, in
relation to the national project MIUR 40% 2001 “Agenti software e
commercio elettronico: profili giuridici, tecnologici e
psico-sociali” (Software agents and electronic commerce: legal,
technological and psycho-social profiles).
Linguistic skills
Italian – mother tongue
English – excellent (written/reading/conversation)
German – excellent (written/reading/conversation)
French – very good (written/reading/conversation)
Spanish – very good (written/reading/conversation)
Scientific research on national and international
projects
2009-2010. Research, drafting and submission of research
projects in collaboration with the Science and Technology Park of
Faenza-Cesena on regional and European projects (Erasmus Network,
EUROSTARS Programme, ICT Policy Support Programme, Italian Network
for the Diffusion of Innovation and Technology Transfer,
Emilia-Romagna High-Technology Network, ecc.).
2006-2009. Operative manager of the research group "Artificial
intelligence and law", CIRSFID, Bologna University, during the
absence of the professor in charge.
2006-2009. Research and project management at CIRSFID for the
Specific Targeted Research or Innovation Project “Automated Legal
Intelligent System” (ALIS), European project financed within the VI
Framework Programme of the European Commission, Priority 2,
Information Society Technologies.
2006-2009. Research at CIRSFID for the Specific Targeted
Research or Innovation Project “European Project for Standardized
Transparent Representations in order to Extend Legal Accessibility”
(ESTRELLA), European project financed within the VI Framework
Programme of the European Commission, Priority 2, Information
Society Technologies.
2005-2008. Research and project management at CIRSFID (local
unit) for the national project PRIN 2005 (formerly COFIN) “Le
dinamiche della conoscenza nella società dell'informazione” (The
Dynamics of Knowledge in the Information Society).
2004-2007. Research and project management at CIRSFID for the
Specific Support Action “Legal Issues for the Advancement of
Information Society tecnologies” (LEGAL-IST), European project
financed within the VI Framework Programme of the European
Commission, Priority 2, Information Society Technologies.
2004-2006. Research and management of the CIRSFID-based
Technical Forum Group “Working Group on Law and Electronic Agents”
(WG-LEA), within the European Excellence Network “Agentlink III”,
European Co-ordination Action for Agent-based Computing, financed
within the VI Framework Programme of the European Commission.
2003-2006. Research and project management at CIRSFID for the
European project “Legal Framework for the Information Society”
(LEFIS), Thematic Network, VI PFramework Programme of the European
Commission.
2003-2005. Research and project management at CIRSFID (national
coordinator) for the national project MIUR 40% 2003 “Fiducia e
diritto nella società dell'informazione. Promozione e tutela
giuridica della fiducia nel mercato, nelle istituzioni e
nell'infrastruttura tecnologica” (Trust and law in the Information
Society. Promotion and legal protection of trust in the market, in
the institutions and in the technological infrastructure).
2002-2004. Research for the project “Agenti intelligenti e
diritto” (Intelligent agents and the law), Fundamental oriented
research, area of Legal Informatics (IUS/20).
2001-2003. Research and project management at CIRSFID (national
coordinator) for the national project MIUR 40% 2001 “Agenti
software e commercio elettronico: profili giuridici, tecnologici e
psico-sociali” (Software agents and e-commerce: legal,
technological and psycho-social profiles).
2001-2003. Research for the European project ALFEBIITE “A
Logical Framework for Ethical Behaviour between Infohabitants in
the Information Trading Economy of the Universal Information
Ecosystem”, financed within the V Framework Programme of the
European Commission.
2001-2003. Research and project management at CIRSFID for the
European project ALIVE “Advanced Legal Issues in Virtual
Enterprise”, financed within the V Framework Programme of the
European Commission, IST (Information Society Technologies)
Programme – Concerted Action/Thematic Network.
2000-2001. Research and project management at CIRSFID for the
European project CDA “Curriculum Development Advanced
Socrates-Eulisp”, financed by the European Commission for the
development of joint curricula in connection with projects for
setting up European Master courses in ICT Law in collaboration with
the EULISP partner Universities.
2000-2001. Drafting of the project, research and project
management at CIRSFID for the national project EULISP “European
Legal Informatics Study Programme”, for the setting up of a Master
course in ICT Law at the Law Faculty of the Bologna University,
within the programmes for supporting the internationalisation
process of the University system (Ministry Decree 21 June 1999, n.
313 art. 7) – International Inter-University Collaborations. The
project funds have made it possible to start the University Master
in Legal informatics and ICT law at the Bologna University.
1999-2001. Research for the national project FID “Formazione
Interattiva a Distanza” (Interactive Distance Teaching), for the
development of contents of an on-line pilot course on ICT security,
digital signatures and electronic documents for selected Offices of
the Ministry of Justice.
1998-2000. Research at the Regional Development Agency ERVET,
Information Society Projects Area, within the interdisciplinary
IT-legal working group set up for the development of feasibility
studies for the introduction of digital signatures in pilot
projects for Emilia-Romagna Region, in particular for the areas of
professional training and tourism.
1998-2000. Research at the Regional Development Agency ERVET,
Information Society Projects Area, on regional, national and
European projects, in particular:
- “Azioni di informazione, sensibilizzazione e analisi per un
sistema di certificazione della firma digitale in Emilia-Romagna”
(Actions of Information, awareness creation and analysis for a
digital segnature certification system in the Emilia-Romagna
region);
- “Studio di fattibilità e prime sperimentazioni per la
commercializzazione elettronica dei prodotti tipici alimentari
dell'Emilia Romagna” (Feasibility study and first pilot initiatives
for the electronic commercing of typical food products in the
Emilia-Romagna region);
- “GUIDeS – Guidelines, Methodologies and Standards to Set Up a
CA for Digital Signatures” within the European research programme
Support and guidance to the Procurement of Information and Telecom
Systems and Services (SPRITE S2), financed by the European
Commission.
1999. Research at CIRSFID for the project “Legistica-legimatica”
(Computer-assisted legal drafting), Fundamental oriented research,
area of Legal Informatics (N20X, K05B areas).
Teaching
2010-present. Contract professor of "New Technologies and Law"
(6 UFC), Degree in IT Engineering and "New Technologies and Law LM"
(6 UFC), Specialised Degree in IT Engineering, II Faculty of
Engineering, Bologna University.
2010. Seminar “The Law of New Technologies: The Rules of ICT”
within the Course of Operative Systems, Faculty of Engineering,
Bologna University.
Since 2000. Lecturer at the University Master in ICT Law and
Legal Informatics, CIRSFID, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
2005-2010. Contract professor of“New Technologies and Law" (3
UFC), Specialised degree in ICT, automation and electronics
Engineering, Department of Electronics, Information Technology and
Computer Systems, II Faculty of Engineering, Bologna
University.
Academic year 2005/2006. Contract professor for the teaching
module "ICT Law" within the course of Legal Informatics, Faculty of
Law, Bologna University.
Academic year 2005/2006. Contract professor for the teaching
module "Artificial Intelligence and Law" within the course of
Advanced Legal Informatics, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
Academic year 2004/2005. Contract professor for the teaching
module “New Technologies and Law”, within the course of Distributed
Information Systems, Department of Electronics, Information
Technology and Computer Systems, II Faculty of Engineering, Bologna
University.
Academic year 2004/2005. Contract professor for the teaching
module "Legal Expert Systems" within the course of Advanced Legal
Informatics, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
Academic year 2004/2005. Contract professor for the teaching
module "Corporate Governance and EGovernance - Electronic
Management of Document Flows", within the course of E-Governance
Theory, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
Academic year 2003/2004. Lecturer for the teaching module “New
Technologies and Law”, within the course of Distributed Systems,
Department of Electronics, Information Technology and Computer
Systems, II Faculty of Engineering, Bologna University.
May 2004. Lecturer of the thematic Seminar for the support of
the internal selection for highly specialised University
scientific-technical collaborators for the University seats of the
Romagna. Topic: “Security and protection of IT systems”.
April 2004. Lecturer at the training course “Digital
signatures”, module 1 “Legal aspects” and module 2 “Technological
aspects”, for the employees of the Province of Forlì and of the
public bodies involved in the D.EL.FO project, Forlì.
Academic year 2001/2002. Lecturer at the Stockholm University,
Department of Law, Stockholm (Sweden), within the Master of Law and
IT (L.L.M.). Topic: On-Line Dispute Resolution.
Since 1999. Member of the exam commission of the course of Legal
Informatics, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
Conferences, seminars and workshops attended as
speaker
September 2010. Invited speaker at the X national Meeting
“Evolution of consulting professional services”, organised by the
"Associazione Culturale Economia e Finanza" (Cultural Association
on Economics and Finance), Topic: personal data protection through
the use of new technologies, Unindustria Bologna.
February 2010. Invited speakerat the Symposium
“Privacy in a new global context: Trapped between culture, laws
and technology”, organised by Dr. Stephan Lechner, Director of
the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission “Institute for
the Protection and Security of the Citizen” (IPSC), Ispra, within
the American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual
Meeting (AAAS 2010), San Diego, California.
January 2009. Invited speaker at the Interest Group Workshop
“Risultati e prospettive del progetto europeo ALIS in ambito
informatico-giuridico” (Results and perspectives of the ALIS
European project in the legal informatics area), Milan. Topics: A
Primer on Legal Informatics; Legal profiles of knowledge-based
systems.
November 2008. Invited speaker at the workshop “La protezione
dei lavoratori dall'esposizione ai campi elettromagnetici: misure
ed interventi” (The protection of workers from the exposure to
electromagnetic fields: measures and interventions). Topic:
“Profili di responsabilità connessi alla valutazione dei rischi”
(Liability aspects connected with the assessment of risks), Elettra
2000, Pontecchio Marconi, Italy.
April 2008. Invited speaker at the “Validation workshop on a
survey on young people's needs and requirements of future
electronic identification services ”, European Commission Joint
Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies,
Seville (Spain).
February 2008. Invited speaker at the workshop “Charting the
legal aspects of eID: current regulatory framework and pitfalls”,
European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for
Prospective Technological Studies, Seville (Spain).
October 2007. Seminar “The IT System in the Professional
Practice of Chartered Accountants”, Association of Chartered
Accountants of Bologna, ICT commission. Topic: “ICT Security”.
December 2006. International inter-project workshop
(ALIS-SEKT-ESTRELLA) “Computational Models of the Law – Languages,
Dialogues, Games, Ontologies”. Topic: “ICT-supported Alternative
Dispute Resolution”, European University Institute, Florence.
June 2006. Speaker at the “12th International Conference on
Concurrent Enterprising” (ICE 2006). Topic: “Legal Issues in
Software Agents”, Milan.
December 2005. Seminar “The IT System in the Professional
Practice”, Association of Chartered Accountants of Bologna, ICT
commission. Topic: The Code of digital administration.
July 2005. Seminar “The IT System in the Professional Practice”,
Association of Chartered Accountants of Bologna, ICT commission.
Topic: “Electronic Documents and Signatures”.
July 2004. International workshop LEA 04 “The Law of Electronic
Agents”. Topic: “Criminal Law Considerations on Electronic Agents”,
Rome.
June 2004. Seminar for the presentation of the results of the
national project MIUR 40% 2001 “Agenti software e commercio
elettronico: profili giuridici, tecnologici e psico-sociali”.
Topic: “Software agents in Virtual Enterprises”, Bologna.
April 2004. Workshop “Società della conoscenza e diritto.
Esperienze a confronto nell'Europa mediterranea”. Topic: “Expert
systems for the management of legal rules: from theory to
commercial applications”, CNR, Rome.
June 2003. International Workshop “LEA 2003. The Law of
Electronic Agents”, Topic: Contracts for the use of software agents
in Virtual Enterprises, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
June 2003. PhD Seminar “LIIS. Seminar on Legal Informatics in
Italy”. Topic: E-Commerce Regulation in Italy, CIRSFID,
Bologna.
May 2003. International conference “E-Government: Legal,
Technological and Pedagogical Aspects”. Topic: Use of intelligent
software agents in the on-line professional training in the public
sector, Albarracin, Spain.
April 2003. Seminar within the Master in Law and IT, CSIG, Bari.
Topic: Tax Law Issues in E-Commerce.
September 2002. Invited lecturer at the “Wroclaw Summer School
on a Legal Framework for Information Society Informatics”. Topic:
“The Legal Status of Software Agents”, Faculty of law,
Administration and Economics, Research Centre for Legal and
Economic Issues of Electronic Communication, University of Wroclaw,
Wroclaw, Poland.
July 2002. International workshop “LEA 2002 - The Law of
Electronic Agents”. Topic: “Agents in the Virtual Enterprise – Some
Legal Notes”, DEIS, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Bologna.
July 2002. National conference DAE 2002 “Electronic
Administrative Law”. Topic: “Electronic archiving in the Public
Administration”, Catania.
June 2002. Workshop “Internet and the Law – The new perspectives
of the law and of the legal professions in the era of net-economy”.
Topic: “Digital signatures”, Treviso.
March 2002. Seminar “La gestione informatizzata dei documenti
nella pubblica amministrazione” within the project “Assistenza di
potenziali investitori nel settore delle telecomunicazioni in
Emilia-Romagna”, Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna. Topic: Legal
issues of digital signatures and electronic documents.
February 2002. Workshop “Profili giuridici del commercio
elettronico” (Legal Issues in E-Commerce), CIRSFID, Faculty of Law,
Bologna University, Bologna. Topic: “ADR e commercio elettronico”
(ADR and E-Commerce).
November 2001. Italian Cyberspace Law Conference, International
Session “Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce”. Topic: “Virtual
Enterprise – legal issues”, Bologna.
March 2001. Invited speaker at the workshop “Il documento
informatico” (The electronic document), Associazione Campus in
collaboration with the CEDAM publishing house, Vicenza.
October 2000. Seminar “Il commercio elettronico: aspetti
giuridici dell'acquisto di beni e servizi on-line”, Regione
Emilia-Romagna, Bologna.
April 2000. Seminar “Firma digitale: guida all'impostazione –
Presentation of the results of the European project GUIDeS
(Guidelines, Methodologies and Standards to Set up a CA for Digital
Signatures)”, organised by the Regione Emilia-Romagna. Topic “Firma
digitale e Certification Authority: panorama italiano ed europeo”
(Digital signature and certification authorities: the Italian and
European framework).
June 1999. Seminar “Electronic commerce”, organised by Legacoop
within the Itcoop project. Topic: “Trust in IT networks”.
June 1999. Seminar on the Public Governance of Digital
Signatures (with C. Maioli and V. Dalla), Tele Regions conference,
Tanum, Sweden (presented by Prof. Maioli).
Organization of conferences, seminars and workshops
2008. Co-organiser of the workshop “DiCSI – Le dinamiche della
conoscenza nella società dell'informazione” (The Dynamics of
Knowledge in the Information Society), Bologna University.
2004-2006. Collaboration to the organisation of the PhD Seminars
in Legal informatics and ICT Law, CIRSFID, Bologna University.
June 2005. Operational supervisor of the Organization committee
of the international conference ICAIL 05 “International Conference
on Artificial Intelligence and Law”, Bologna University.
July 2004. Operational supervisor of the Organization committee
of the international workshop LEA 04 “The Law of Electronic
Agents”, promoted by CIRSFID, at CNR (National Research Council),
Rome.
July 2004. Operational supervisor for the organisation of the
first meeting of the Technical Forum Group “Working Group on Law
and Electronic Agents” (WG-LEA), within the European Network of
Excellence “Agentlink III”, European Co-ordination Action for
Agent-based Computing, Rome.
June 2004. Operational supervisor for the organisation of the
workshop for the presentation of the results of the national
project MIUR 40% 2001 “Agenti software e commercio elettronico:
profili giuridici, tecnologici e psico-sociali”, CIRSFID, Bologna
University.
April 2004. Operational supervisor for the organisation of the
workshop “Società della conoscenza e diritto. Esperienze a
confronto nell'Europa mediterranea” (Knowledge Society and the Law.
A Comparison of Experiences in Mediterranean Europe), event
connected with the project LEFIS “Legal Framework for the
Information Society”, promoted by CIRSFID and CNR (National
Research Council), Rome.
June 2003. Operational supervisor for the organisation of the
international seminar LIIS “Seminar on Legal Informatics in Italy”,
promoted by CIRSFID, Faculty of Law, Bologna University.
July 2002. Member of the organization committee of the
international workshop LEA 02 “The Law of Electronic Agents”,
promoted by CIRSFID within the International Conference AAMAS 02,
“Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems”, DEIS, Faculty of
Engineering, Bologna University.
Editorial activities
2005-2007. Member of the editorial office, set up at CIRSFID,
Bologna University, of the international legal journal “Artificial
Intelligence and Law”, published by Springer.
2000-2004. Assistant editor and scientific collaborator
of the legal journal“Ciberspazio e Diritto” (Cyberspace and Law),
Mucchi Editore, Modena.
1998-2004. Editor for the sections “Alternative Dispute
Resolution – Online Dispute Resolution” and “Firma digitale”
for the ‘NetJus' portal on ICT law.
Affiliations to scientific Societies, associations and
networks
Since 2008. Member of the “Società Italiana di Filosofia del
Diritto” (Italian Society of Legal Philosophy).
Since 2006. Member of the “Società Italiana di Informatica
Giuridica” (Italian Society of ICT Law).
2003-2006. Member of the TFG-LEA (Working Group on Law and
Electronic Agents) within the Agentlink network.
Membership of Scientific committees
2007. Special Session on “E-Contracting in Collaborative
Networks Scenarios Aims and Scope”, within the 8th IFIP Working
Conference on Virtual Enterprises (PRO-VE 2007).
2005. Workshop LEA 05 “The Law of Electronic Agents”, within the
X International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law
(ICAIL 2005), Bologna.
2004. First International Track on Computer-aided Law and
Advanced Technologies, within the 20th ACM Symposium on Applied
Computing (SAC 2005).
2004. International workshop LEA 04 “The Law of Electronic
Agents”, within the first TFG-LEA meeting of the Agentlink network,
Rome.
2003. International workshop LEA 03 “The Law of Electronic
Agents”, within the International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Law, Edinburgh, Scotland.
2002 International workshop LEA 02 “The Law of Electronic
Agents”, co-located event of the international Conference AAMAS 02
“The First International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and
Multi-agent Systems”, DEIS, Faculty of Engineering, Bologna.
Professional experience
2003-present. Member of the Italian Association of chartered
accountants (“Ordine dei Dottori commercialisti e degli Esperti
contabili”) for the jurisdiction of the Bologna Tribunal,
registration No. 1905/A (Sect. A), date of registration
07/01/2003.
Auditor, registration No. 159687.
Technical consultant of the Judge at the Bologna Tribunal.
2004-2007. Member of the ICT consulting commission of the
Bologna Association of chartered accountants (until its dissolution
following the unification with a second professional
association).
Assistance and consulting to limited liability companies
operating mainly in the areas of information and communication
technologies.
Consultant of the SPINNER programme for services of
legal-contractual-patent assistance to technological
start-up companies.
1989-2002. Free-lance interpreter-translator (English, German,
French and Spanish).
Attendance of specialised courses
1998. Post-degree course for national and international
arbitrators, Associazione Italiana per lo Studio
dell'Arbitrato (AISA) - Italian Association for the Study of
Arbitration, Bologna.
1982-1987. Advanced level language courses in England and
Germany
ICT Skills
Advanced utilisation of the main office automation tools; MS
Windows and Mac operative systems; MS Office applications (Word,
Excel, Power Point, Access, MS Project) and Open Office suite;
legal databases (e.g. DeAgostini Professionale, Juris Data,
Lexis-Nexis, DoGi, Espacenet, Eur-Lex, Foro Italiano, Infoleges,
ecc.) business and accounting databases (e.g. AIDA, Amadeus,
ABI/INFORM Global, Business Source Complete, EconLit, ecc.);
Internet browsers (e.g. Firefox, Explorer, Safari, Chrome); e-mail
applications (e.g. Thunderbird, Outlook, Eudora, Outlook Express);
co-operative work platforms (e.g. BSCW, Myndsphere, Prodige); VoIP
systems (e.g. Skype, Gizmo); update and maintenance of own academic
and professional websites; control and accounting systems (e.g.
SAP, Entratel); legal and business rule-based systems (e.g.
Oracle/Haley).
Research interests
My research activity since 1999 has mainly focussed on the
inter-disciplinary area of law and information and communication
technologies.
Since 2003 I have developed a specific teaching track on new
technologies and law at technical-scientific degrees, in particular
Engineering, in interaction with professors at other European
Universities teaching law in non-humanistic faculties.
Among the main research areas: Virtual Enterprises,
business networks, electronic commerce and electronic contracting,
legal protection of IT programmes and systems, security, privacy
and protection of personal data, digital identity, electronic
signatures and documents, alternative dispute resolution and
on-line dispute resolution, artificial intelligence (software
agents, expert systems), trust and law in the information society,
e-government and e-governance, computer crimes.