37482 - PHYSICAL METHODS OF EXAMINING CULTURAL PROPERTY

Anno Accademico 2017/2018

  • Docente: Paola Fantazzini
  • Crediti formativi: 10
  • SSD: FIS/07
  • Lingua di insegnamento: Inglese
  • Moduli: Paola Fantazzini (Modulo 1) Paola Fantazzini (Modulo 5) Camilla Colla (Modulo 2) Maria Pia Morigi (Modulo 3) Lorenzo Giuntini (Modulo 4)
  • Modalità didattica: Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 1) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 5) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 2) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 3) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 4)
  • Campus: Ravenna
  • Corso: Laurea Magistrale in Science for the conservation - restoration of cultural heritage (cod. 8537)

Conoscenze e abilità da conseguire

At the end of the course the student will acquire: - basic knowledge of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance necessary to understand and correctly apply NMR techniques to the diagnostics of porous materials of interest to Culural Heritage; - basic knowledge of mechanics of rock materials, of wave propagation in solids, of experimental techniques, instrumentation and procedures to apply non destructive methods based on acoustic and electromagnetic waves; - basic knowledge of X-ray Digital Radiography and 3D Computed Tomography; - basic knowledge on Ion Beam Analytical (IBA) techniques. In particular the application of PIXE(Particle Induced X ray Emission), PIGE(Particle Induced Gamma ray Emission), RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry) and NRA(Nuclear Reaction Analysis) will be presented and discussed though case studies related with the analysis of museum objects.

Contenuti

1- Basic knowledge of porous materials and petrophysical, fluid transport and surface-water interaction properties in porous media: porosity, pore-size distribution, wettability, capillarity. Methods for the measurement of porosity and pore-size distribution. Basic knowledge of Mgnetic Resonance for fluids in Porous Media: Relaxometry and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, laboratory and portable instruments for in situ measurements, applications to study water content, porosity, pore-size distribution, pore space changes due to decay in porous materials of interest to Cultural Heritage. Laboratory measurements by standard and portable NMR instruments.

2- Basic concepts of mechanics of solids and materials: stress, strain, constitutive laws, testing. Propagation of elastic waves in solids. Principles, equipment, experimental procedures, data analysis and application of non-destructive testing methods: sonic and ultrasonic tests; sonic tomography; georadar; infrared thermography; impact-echo.

3 - Historical notes on X-ray discovery. Production and properties of X-rays. Basic interactions of X-rays with matter. Linear attenuation coefficient and Lambert - Beer law. Analogue and digital radiography. Basic principles of X-ray Computed Tomography. Applications of radiography and 3D Computed Tomography to Cultural Heritage diagnostics. Laboratory practice with an acquisition system for digital radiography and Computed Tomography.

4- Basic knowledge on Ion Beam Analytical (IBA) techniques. In particular, the application of PIXE (Particle Induced X ray Emission), PIGE (Particle Induced Gamma ray Emission), RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry) and NRA (Nuclear Reaction Analysis) will be presented and discussed though case studies related with the analysis of museum objects

Testi/Bibliografia

- Copies of Power Point presentations.

- V. Kuperman, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physical Principles and Applications, Academic Press, 2000. 

- M. Camaiti, C. Casieri, F. De Luca, P. Fantazzini, C. Terenzi, The use of Portable Single-Sided Relaxometry and Laboratory Imaging NMR Devices in Stone Conservation, Studies in Conservation, 2007; 52: 37-49.

Camaiti M.; Bortolotti V.; Fantazzini P., Stone Porosity, wettability changes and other features detected by MRI and NMR relaxometry: a more than 15-year study, Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 2015 53, 34-47DOI:10.1002/mrc4163.

- Giovanni Pascale, Diagnostica con Ultrasuoni, Ed. Flaccovio.

- V.M. Malhotra, N.J. Carino: “Handbook on Nondestructive Testing of Concrete”, CRC Press, USA, 2004.

- M.J. Sansalone, W.B. Street: “Impact-echo”, Bullbrier Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 1997.

- Jiang Hsieh, Computed Tomography: Principles, Design, Artifacts and Recent Advances, Second Edition, SPIE (Bellingham, Washington - USA) and John Wiley & Sons (Hoboken, New Jersey), 2009.

- F. Casali, X-ray and Neutron Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography for Cultural Heritage, in "Physical Techniques in the Study of Art, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage", D.C. Creagh and D.A. Bradley Editors, Elsevier 2006.

- Jacques Castaing, Introduction to the use of non-destructive analysis by portable X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Xray fluorescence (XRF) for in situ diagnosis of artworks. 2010. Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France ; C2RMF - CNRS UMR 171 Palais du Louvre; 14 quai François Mitterrand, 75001 Paris.

- A. Gianoncelli,J. Castaing, L. Ortega, E. Dooryhe´ e, J. Salomon, P.Walter, J.-L. Hodeau and P. Bordet; A portable instrument for in situ determination
of the chemical and phase compositions of cultural heritage objects, X-RAY SPECTROMETRY. 2008; 37: 418-423.

Metodi didattici

Class room lectures, laboratory practice and study visit

Modalità di verifica e valutazione dell'apprendimento

Oral examination

Strumenti a supporto della didattica

ppt presentations, laboratory and study visit

Orario di ricevimento

Consulta il sito web di Paola Fantazzini

Consulta il sito web di Camilla Colla

Consulta il sito web di Maria Pia Morigi

Consulta il sito web di Lorenzo Giuntini