72782 - MECHANICS OF HISTORICAL MASONRY STRUCTURES

Anno Accademico 2019/2020

  • Moduli: Giovanni Castellazzi (Modulo 1) Angelo Di Tommaso (Modulo 2)
  • Modalità didattica: Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 1) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 2)
  • Campus: Bologna
  • Corso: Laurea Magistrale in Ingegneria civile (cod. 0930)

    Valido anche per Laurea Magistrale in Civil engineering (cod. 8895)

Conoscenze e abilità da conseguire

The goal of the course is to provide the students with the fundamentals for the analysis of historical masonry structures. In particular, the course treats the theoretical aspects, the numerical tools and the experimental techniques for an effective structural diagnosis of histrorical structures aimed at preservation and rehabilitation. Structures from different periods of histrory are analyzed.

Contenuti

MODULE 1

1. Fundamentals of Fracture Mechanics

  1. Linear elastic fracture mechanics: stress intensity factor and energy release rate
  2. Quasi-brittle materials: the cohesive model
  3. Size effects

2. Statics of Masonry Solids and Structures

  1. No-tension masonry models
  2. The masonry continuum
  3. Equilibrium and compatibility
  4. Collapse state

3. Masonry Strength and Deformability

  1. Tests on mortar or block (natural or artificial stones, or clay-brick) specimens
  2. Formulation of a tri-axial failure criteria for lapideous materials
  3. Micro-model or macro-model of masonry (fictitious-homogeneous)
  4. Masonry compression, tensile or shear strength
  5. Masonry deformation

4. Arches and Vaulted Structures

  1. Masonry arches: the concept of thrust and limit analysis
  2. Domes: membrane state, cracking patterns, brief description of some famous cases
  3. Barrel, polygonal, and cross vaults: membrane state, cracking patterns, brief description of some famous cases
  4. Exercises on collapse mechanisms of arches

5. Piers, Towers, and Gothic Cathedrals

  1. Piers: Compression strength under eccentric loading
  2. Towers: stability, typical cracking patterns (case histories).
  3. Cathedrals: Historical notes, construction techniques, relevant static problems in Gothic Architecture (case histories).

MODULE 2

Basics of relevant approaches for Structural Conservation of Historical Constructions:

  1. Special Focus on Fiber Optics Sensor (FOSs) to detect deformation and Acoustic Emission (AE) to control crack propagation.
  2. Composite materials FRP or FRCM inhibiting collapse mechanisms
  3. First Aid post sisma contrasting masonry block tectonic movements

Applied analysis of theoretical topics developed within Module 1 point 5 of  Temple structures (case histories such as churches) with special regards to:

  • structural comparison with a similar monument;
  • first aid intervention after possible seismic injures;
  • monitoring project for structural safety;
  • reduction of vulnerability with composite materials.

 

Testi/Bibliografia

  • Class hand-outs (slides available on the IOL web site).

  • Fracture and Size Effect (in concrete and other quasi-brittle materials), Z.P. Bazant and J. Planas, CRC Press, 1998

  • Statics of Historic Masonry Constructions. M. Como, Springer, 2013.

  • The Stone Skeleton, J. Heyman, Cambridge University Press, 1995.

  • Structural brickwork, A.W.Hendry, MacMillan, 1981.

  • The Construction of Gothic Cathedrals, J. Fitchen, The Univ. Chicago Press, 1961.

Metodi didattici

The course content will be entirely covered by the lectures. The course includes some invited keynote lectures, which will help cover the practical aspects of the lectures. The instructors will supervise students during all activities.

Modalità di verifica e valutazione dell'apprendimento

A full comprehensive final (written and oral) exam will be used to assess students’ knowledge and understanding of the topics covered in the course.

WRITTEN

The written exam will consist of two problems. The first problem will be related to the topics covered in section 2 (Fundamentals of Fracture Mechanics), and the second problem will be related to the topics covered in section 4 (Arches and Vaulted Structures) of the course content.

ORAL

Discussion of the topic covered during the course.

In addition, a project related to the study of particular historical buildings will be assigned during the lectures delivered within Module 2: Gothic churches of San Petronio or San Francesco in Bologna; Garisenda or Asinelli towers.
Students will present their project at the end of the course (slides in pptx). The assessment of the presentation will be part of the final grade.

Students are encouraged to present and use their handwritten course notes during the oral exam discussion.

Strumenti a supporto della didattica

The teaching tools are overhead projector and PC.

Orario di ricevimento

Consulta il sito web di Giovanni Castellazzi

Consulta il sito web di Angelo Di Tommaso

SDGs

Città e comunità sostenibili

L'insegnamento contribuisce al perseguimento degli Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile dell'Agenda 2030 dell'ONU.