74977 - External Relations Of The EU

Academic Year 2015/2016

  • Moduli: Michela Ceccorulli (Modulo 1) Elena Baracani (Modulo 2)
  • Teaching Mode: Traditional lectures (Modulo 1) Traditional lectures (Modulo 2)
  • Campus: Bologna
  • Corso: Second cycle degree programme (LM) in International Relations (cod. 8782)

Learning outcomes

By the end of the course, students should be able to:

  • Compare EU relations and external policies with different categories of third countries (accession candidates, potential candidates, neighbouring countries)
  • Use the concepts of external Europeanization, external governance, linkages and leverage in order to analyse how the EU is promoting its norms towards different categories of third countries
  • Evaluate current challenges and opportunities in EU external relations

Course contents

The course is organized into two modules. Please note that, due to a technical issue, the module held by Dr. Baracani, during the first part of the course, is called module 2, while the module held by Dr. Ceccorulli in the second part is called module 1. While module 2 focuses on how the EU is promoting its norms towards accession candidates, potential candidates and neighbouring countries, module 1 concentrates on migration issues.

 

Contents and readings for Module 2 (Dr. Baracani):

Topic 1 (4 hours): Key Concepts: Europeanization and External Governance

Olsen, J.P. (2002), ‘The Many Faces of Europeanization’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 40(5): 921-952.

Lavenex, S. et al. (2009), ‘EU rules beyond EU borders: theorizing external governance in European politics’, in Journal of European Public Policies, 16(6): 791-812.

Schimmelfennig, F. (2012), ‘Eu External Governance and Europeanization Beyond the Eu’, in D. Levi-Faur (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, Oxford University Press.

Topic 2 (4 hours): Enlargement Policy – The Case of Turkey and the Cyprus Issue

Hillion, C. (2011), ‘EU enlargement’ in P. Craig and G. de Búrca (eds), The Evolution of EU Law, Oxford University Press, 188-216.

Grabbe, H. (2014), ‘Six Lessons of Enlargement Ten Years On: The EU's Transformative Power in Retrospect and Prospect’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 52: 40–56.

Kubicek, P. (2005), ‘Turkish Accession to the European Union: Challenges and Opportunities’, in World Affairs, 168(2): 67–78.

Karakas, C. (2013), ‘EU–Turkey: Integration without Full Membership or Membership without Full Integration? A Conceptual Framework for Accession Alternatives’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 51: 1057–1073.

Morgan, P. and E. Baracani (2014), ‘The Cyprus Conflict and the Failure of its Europeanization’, in E. Castelli (ed.) Solutions and Failures, FBK Press.

Topic 3 (4 hours): Linkages, Leverage and Democracy Promotion – The case of Turkey

Levitsky, S. and L.A. Way (2006), ‘Linkage versus Leverage. Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change’, in Comparative Politics, 28(4): 379-400.

Schimmelfennig, F. (2008), ‘EU political accession conditionality after the 2004 enlargement: consistency and effectiveness’, in Journal of European Public Policies, 15(6): 918-937.

Kubicek, P. (2011), ‘Political conditionality and the EU’s cultivation of democracy in Turkey’, in Democratization, 18(4): 910-931.

Önis, Z. (2015), ‘The AKP and the uncertain path of Turkish democracy’, in The International Spectator, 20(2): 22-41.

Topic 4 (4 hours): EU Relations with the Western Balkan Countries and the Kosovo Issue

Vachudova, M. A. (2014), ‘EU Leverage and National Interests in the Balkans: The Puzzles of Enlargement Ten Years On’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 52: 122–138.

Freyburg, T. and Richter, S (2010), ‘National identity matters: the limited impact of EU political conditionality in the Western Balkans’, in Journal of European Public Policy, 17(2): 263-281.

Papadimitriou, D. and Petrov, P. (2012), ‘Whose Rule, Whose Law? Contested Statehood, External Leverage and the European Union's Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 50: 746–763.

Bergmann, J. and Niemann, A. ( 2015), ’ Mediating International Conflicts: The European Union as an Effective Peacemaker?’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, 53(6): 1-19.

Topic 5 (4 hours): EU Relations with Southern and Eastern Neighbours

Börzel, T. A., and V. van Hüllen (2014), ‘One Voice, One Message, but Conflicting Goals. Cohesiveness and Consistency in the European Neighbourhood Policy’, in Journal of European Public Policy, 21(7): 1033–1049.

Juncos, A. E., and Whitman, R. G. (2015), ‘Europe as a Regional Actor: Neighbourhood Lost?’, in Journal of Common Market Studies, doi: 10.1111/jcms.12281

Börzel, T. A., Risse, T. and Dandashly, A. (2015), ‘The EU, External Actors, and the Arabellions: Much Ado About (Almost) Nothing’, in Journal of European Integration, 37(1): 135-153.

Tolstrup, J. (2014), ‘Gatekeepers and Linkages’, in Journal of Democracy, 25(4): 126-138.

 

Contents and readings for Module 1 (Dr. Ceccorulli):

Topic 1 (4 hours): The development of the EU’s migration policy. Facts and figures on migration

Uçarer, E. M. (2013), ‘The Area of Freedom, Security and Justice’, in M. Cini et al. (2013), European Union Politics, Oxford University Press, pp. 281-296.

Monar, J. (2012) [http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/42726/] Journal of European Integration, 34 (7). pp. 717-734.

Emil Kirchner and James Sperling, ‘The new security threats in Europe’, European Foreign Affairs Review, 7, 4, 2002.

Kaunert, C. 2005. The area of freedom, security and justice: the construction of a ‘European public order’. European security, 14(4): 459–483.

EUROSTAT, ‘Immigration in the EU’, available at: http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/docs/infographics/immigration/migration-in-eu-infographic_en.pdf

European Commission (2014), EU Home affairs statistic, available at http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/docs/infographics/ha-in-numbers/home_affairs_in_numbers_en.pdf

Topic 2 (4 hours): The EU and ‘Home Affairs’. The many facets of migration

Martin, I [http://cadmus.eui.eu/browse?type=author&value=MARTIN,%20Iv%C3%A1n] . and Venturini, A [http://cadmus.eui.eu/browse?type=author&value=VENTURINI,%20Alessandra] . (2015), A comprehensive labour market approach to EU labour migration policy, Migration Policy Centre; Policy Brief; 2015/07, 2015.

Bosch, P [http://cadmus.eui.eu/browse?type=author&value=BOSCH,%20Peter] ., (2015), Towards a pro-active European labour migration policy : concrete measures for a comprehensive package, Migration Policy Centre; Policy Briefs; 2015/03, 2015.

Kenan, M. (2015), The Failure of Multiculturalism: Community versus Society in Europe, Foreign Affairs, 94,2.

FRONTEX, FRAN Quarterly, January-March 2015, 2015

European Commission (2015), ‘Asylum in the EU’, available at http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/docs/infographics/asylum/infographic_asylum_en.pdf

Topic 3 (4 hours): The external dimension of migration

Jorg Monar, the EU’s Externalisation of Internal Security Objectives: Perspectives after Lisbon and Stockholm, The International Spectator, 45, 2, 2010

European Commission (2014), Neighbourhood at the Crossroads: Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2013, SWD (2014) 99 final, Brussels 27.3. 2014

Léonard, S. (2010), EU border security and migration into the European Union: FRONTEX and securitisation through practices, European Security, 19,2, 2010, pp. 231-254. Cassarino, J.P. (2014), he International Spectator 49 (4): 130-145. [http://www.academia.edu/9751542/Jean-Pierre_Cassarino_2014_A_Reappraisal_of_the_EU_s_Expanding_Readmission_System_._The_International_Spectator_49_4_130-145]

Topic 4 (4 hours): The EU and migration ‘crises’: policies, tools and weaknesses

Fargues, P. [http://cadmus.eui.eu/browse?type=author&value=FARGUES,%20Philippe] and Bonfanti, S. [http://cadmus.eui.eu/browse?type=author&value=BONFANTI,%20Sara] (2014), When the best option is a leaky boat : why migrants risk their lives crossing the Mediterranean and what Europe is doing about it, Migration Policy Centre; Policy Briefs; 2014/05

BBC News (2015), Migrant crisis: migration to Europe explained in graphics, 27 October 2015, available at http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34131911

Ayo, E. (2015), Europe’s migrant crisis by the numbers, Foreign Policy, 3 September 2015.

European Commission (2015), Refugee crisis –Q & A on emergency relocation, Fact Sheet, Brussels, 22 September 2015.

Topic 5 (4 hours): Migration and security: discovering the potential nexus.

Bartlett [http://foreignpolicy.com/author/jamie-bartlett] J., Birdwell [http://foreignpolicy.com/author/jonathan-birdwell], J. (2011), Rise of the radical right, Foreign Policy, 25 July 2011.

European Commission (2015), The European agenda on Security, http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/documents/basic-documents/docs/eu_agenda_on_security_en.pdf

Léonard, S. (2010), The use and effectiveness of migration controls as a counter-terrorism instrument in the European Union. Central European journal of international and security studies, 4(1): 32–50.

UNODC (2011), The role of organized crime in the smuggling of migrants from West Afriva to the European Union, available at https://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/Migrant-Smuggling/Report_SOM_West_Africa_EU.pdf

Adamson, F.B., (2006), ‘Crossing Borders: International Migration and National Security’, 31,1, 2006, 165-199.

European Commission (2015), A European Agenda on migration, COM(2015) 240 final, Brussels, 13.5.2015

Readings/Bibliography

A detailed list of mandatory readings, for each lecture, is provided in the course contents. All the readings are the same for attending and non-attending students.

Teaching methods

Traditional lectures.

Students are encouraged to attend every session regularly. During each class, active participation will be encouraged. Students are expected to participate constructively with questions and comments to highlight important aspects of the topics at stake. To do so, it is essential that students do the mandatory readings indicated for each lecture.

Assessment methods

For attending students: oral examination on both modules during the exam sessions

For non-attending students: written exam in the form of 6 questions (of which 3 on module 1, and 3 on module 2) that require a response of about 20 lines each (exam duration: 2 hours)

Teaching tools

For module 2 (Dr. Baracani):

All the readings are available through the online platform AMS Campus [http://campus.unibo.it/] .

In order to accede this material, please, register at https://www.dsa.unibo.it [https://www.dsa.unibo.it/Home.aspx] to the distribution list called elena.baracani.external_relations_EU_2015.

The instructor's power point presentations will be available at the end of each week through the same online platform AMS Campus.

Office hours

See the website of Elena Baracani

See the website of Michela Ceccorulli