84542 - SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND NANOSTRUCTURES

Anno Accademico 2021/2022

  • Docente: Daniela Cavalcoli
  • Crediti formativi: 6
  • SSD: FIS/03
  • Lingua di insegnamento: Inglese
  • Moduli: Daniela Cavalcoli (Modulo 1) Laura Basiricò (Modulo 2)
  • Modalità didattica: Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 1) Convenzionale - Lezioni in presenza (Modulo 2)
  • Campus: Bologna
  • Corso: Laurea Magistrale in Physics (cod. 9245)

Conoscenze e abilità da conseguire

At the end of the course the student will learn the basic aspects of the physics of semiconducting materials, devices and interfaces, by studying in particular their transport and optical properties. He/she will be introduced also to quantum confinement effects in low dimensional systems and their application to optoelectronic and electronic devices.

Contenuti

MODULE 1- 4.5 CFU Physics of semiconductors and low dimensional structures (prof Daniela Cavalcoli):

  1. Semiconductor Physics.  Elements of crystal structures, band structure and electronic levels of semiconductors. Ideal and Real crystals (role of defects, surfaces and interfaces). The chemical potential, Statistics. Transport properties, effective mass, current density, conductivity, generation- recombination mechanisms. Shockley Read Hall model. Optical properties of semiconductors.
  2. Surface and interface effects. Schottky model of metal-semiconductor devices. Metal Oxide Semiconductor structure and band diagram, MOS in strong inversion condition, introduction to quantum confinement effects.
  3. Quantum confinement in 2, 1 and 0 dimensions: Band gap engineering. Vergard’s law. quantum wells, wires and dots. Electrical and optical properties of low dimensional semiconductors. Growth and deposition of semiconductor nanostructures: methods and mechanisms. Quantum confinement effects in different confinement potentials. Rectangular potential wells and barriers. Harmonic oscillator. Particle in a spherically symmetric potential. Excitons in semiconductors at the nanoscale. Weak and strong quantum confinement effects. Influence on the optical properties. Investigation of semiconductor nanostructures by electrical, optical and microscopical methods.
  4. Applications of semiconductor nanostructures:  Photovoltaic conversion. Advanced (3rd generation) solar cells. 

MODULE 2- 1.5 CFU (prof Laura Basiricò)

Physics of Organic Semiconductors

  1. Organic Electronics: Historical Remarks and Overview – The Molecular Orbital Theory (MO-LCAO) – optical properties - Charge carrier generation and transport – Purification, growth and deposition methods – Impurities, defects and trap states.
  2. Applications of organic semiconductors: Organic Field Effect Transistors, Organic light emitting devices, Organic Solar Cells, Organic photodetectors, Organic bioelectronics.

Testi/Bibliografia

Module 1

YU, Peter, Cardona, Manuel Fundamentals of Semiconductors: Physics and Materials Properties, Springer

Grundmann M. The Physics of Semiconductors, Springer

Tyagi M. Introduction of Semiconductor Physics and Devices, Wiley

M Jaros Physics and Applications of Semiconductor Microstructures, Oxford Science

J Davis The Physics of Low Dimensional Semiconductors, Cambridge University Press

Module 2

M. Pope and C. E. Swenberg, “Electronic processes in organic crystals and polymers”, Oxford University Press, 1999.

W. Brütting, “Physics of Organic Semiconductors”, Wiley -VCH, 2008

M. Scwoerer, H. C. Wolf, “Organic Molecular Solids”, Wiley -VCH, 2007

Metodi didattici

Lectures. Group Discussion on Selected Topics.

Modalità di verifica e valutazione dell'apprendimento

The assessment of the achievement of the learning outcomes is based on the following steps:

  • The student will prepare a report focused on one of the topics of the course where a recent literature research will be also presented. This report must be send by e-mail to the teacher 10 days before the oral exam date.
  • Oral exam: the assessment of the course learning outcomes will start from the topics of the student's report and will cover the main issues of the course.

The final score depends on the capability of the student in the presentation and/or critical analyses of the topics of the course.

Strumenti a supporto della didattica

PC, projector, blackboard

Link ad altre eventuali informazioni

https://virtuale.unibo.it/

Orario di ricevimento

Consulta il sito web di Daniela Cavalcoli

Consulta il sito web di Laura Basiricò

SDGs

Energia pulita e accessibile Imprese innovazione e infrastrutture

L'insegnamento contribuisce al perseguimento degli Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile dell'Agenda 2030 dell'ONU.