39336 - X-Ray Equipment 1

Academic Year 2017/2018

  • Docente: Lidia Angelini
  • Credits: 4
  • SSD: FIS/07
  • Language: Italian
  • Teaching Mode: Traditional lectures
  • Campus: Rimini
  • Corso: First cycle degree programme (L) in Imaging and Radiotherapy techniques (cod. 8486)

Learning outcomes

After completing this module, the student knows the quality control on major conventional diagnostic equipment, analog and digital. Analog acquisition systems, CR and DR. Features of the radiological image. Fluoroscopy. Mammography, tomography, ultrasound equipment. Portable devices for the operating room. Students also learned the basics of densitomentria optical MTF in the X-ray film and digital image. Radiation detectors.

Course contents

PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING IMAGE Radiology
Dependence on the photoelectric effect and Compton, density, material thickness and quality through radiation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMAGE QUALITY AND QUALITY
Uniformity, noise, SNR, low contrast resolution, MTF (Modulation Transfer Function), NPS (Noise Power Spectra), DQE (detective quantum efficiency).
X-ray tubes, GENERATORS, DIAPHRAGMS, GRIDS
Operation of X-ray tubes (physical technological aspects), high voltage generators, automatic exposure control, diaphragms, filters, grilles, radiographic blur.
SCREEN IMAGE RECORDING SYSTEMS - FILM
Photographic characteristics, sensitometric curve, intensifying screens.
DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGE
Digital image matrix size image, gray levels, and level windowing, image format, compared with analog image, dynamic range compression.
DIRECT RADIOGRAPHY SYSTEMS AND COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY
Principles of functioning of Computed Radiography, Direct Radiography indirect conversion and direct conversion.
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Pre-processing, post-processing, Filters.
CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT
Technological aspects of the following equipment: pole stand, hanging, folding table X-ray, chest stand, stratigrapher, SFD, craniostat, mobile x-ray equipment, dental appliances, orthopantomograph.
EQUIPMENT MAMMOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS WITH DIRECT RADIOGRAPHY, COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY AND SCREEN FILM
Technological aspects of mammography equipment, detectors with screen-film, with computed radiography detectors, detectors with Direct Radiography (direct conversion and indirect conversion). Radiostereotassica biopsy systems.
EQUIPMENT FOR RADIOLOGICAL FLUOROSCOPY - ANGIOGRAPHY
Fluoroscopic screens, image intensifiers, television chain, systems CCD, Flat Panel Detector with dynamic reading.
Technological characteristics of the installations for fluoroscopy.
Catretteristiche technological plant angiography digital subtraction image.
IMAGE QUALITY AND DEPENDENCE BY DOSE
Air kerma, exposure, absorbed dose, equivalent dose, effective dose. Radiation detectors.
Factors affecting patient dose and image quality in conventional radiology, mammography, fluoroscopy and angiography.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF IMAGE WITH ULTRASOUND
Technological aspects of a packet and principles of ultrasound imaging with ultrasound.
SYSTEMS PACS, DICOM STANDARD, IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICES
Format images, DICOM services, DICOM Conformance Statement, PACS system architecture, workflow, storage media, networks, and reporting features of the workstation display.
QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control of radiology equipment described in the course outline and control the entire process of acquiring transfer, recording and image display.

Readings/Bibliography

Radiologia, Elementi di Tecnologia" R.Passariello. Idelson Gnocchi

"The Physics of Radiology" Johns, Cunningham. Thomas Publisher

"Mammografia Digitale" C.di Maggio, G.M. Giuseppetti. Poletto Editore

Dispense fornite dal docente e appunti delle lezioni

Teaching methods

Lectures and computer lab

Assessment methods

The final exam consists of a written test.

Office hours

See the website of Lidia Angelini