81874 - Industrial Design 1

Learning outcomes

The course aims to teach how to govern the articulated representations useful to allow the manufacturability and industrial feasibility checks of the product. At the end of the course, the student: • will be able to exploit the potential of automatic representation; • can effectively represent the design choices made.

Course contents

Back and forth from the future: the redesign of the automotive

 

Introduction

The car was the symbol of the 1900s. A pervasive symbol that has determined the shape of the territory and of the city, has connoted the global lifestyle, has conditioned most of the consumption processes, has defined the characteristics of the advanced capitalist production system.

The first twenty years of the new millennium are urging important and necessary transformations in the mobility, as well as in the infrastructural and energy system.

The car is the crossroads and the epicenter of these transformations and it must know how to incorporate and relaunch them by radically redefining many of its components.

The most fragile component of the car system is the human being; most road accidents are due to human error, many of which are induced by distraction; the journey by car has lost much of its glamor and in many cases (despite the improvement in the living conditions of the passenger compartment) causes discomfort, especially due to the intensity of traffic that comes to "steal" almost 1/5 of human life. Fine dust pollution is so high that it makes life in many contemporary cities less and less tolerable. Also, energy needs are increasingly affecting the climate and the future of the Earth.

The semiotic and symbolic value of the vehicle has changed over time. In the first years of its diffusion, the vehicle was an exclusive asset and a symbol of prestige and power; then a mass good and an element of social differentiation. The conditions of use and safety have improved significantly (better conditions of the passenger compartment, greater safety first passive and then active) and, especially in recent years, the vehicle is transforming its nature as an owner into a service good.

Telematics technologies, connectivity, enhancement of sensors and research on vehicle dynamics, artificial intelligence and materials studies - to name just some of the most salient aspects - have significantly increased the complexity of the vehicle. If on the one hand it brings with it complex technological equipment, such as those mentioned above, on the other hand the car maintains elements of tradition that foreshadow situations of inadequacy between the vehicle, the users and the surrounding complexity.

For these reasons it is useful to rethink the relationship between machine and human by trying to focus not on the vehicle platform but on the components that materialize this relationship (habitability system, safety systems, control systems, feedback systems, entertainment systems, comfort systems).

Articulation

The richness that the three teachers can bring to this educational laboratory is characterized by the integration between the 3 knowledge that converge in the analysis and development of these projects: product design, process and systems engineering, cognitive ergonomics and Human Machine Interaction .

Therefore, the students, divided into groups of 3 members each, will be primarily administered by an assigned teacher who will assist the progress of the projects. All research and project progress, at the end of the phase, will be shared with all three teachers simultaneously in order to better integrate the skills.

Contents referable to the module of prof. Flaviano Celaschi

Development of aftermarket component solutions: products created to enrich and customize the car in its basic components by integrating functionality inside the passenger compartment or outside. The aftermarket components transform the car into a modular space that can be customized by the user.

The module expresses contents referable to:

- design driven innovation methodologies (Advanced Design, User Studies, Design Thinking, Codesign, anticipation and futures studies);
- systemic analysis of the automobile product and of the opportunities and problems that appear to be tackled by the contemporary designer.

The activity will be enriched by the analysis of video clips commented by the teacher and guests for the seminar session.

Contents referable to the module of prof. Leonardo Frizziero

Implementation of multimodal mobility solutions: the design of vehicles integrated with the car in order to simplify last mile travel. Last mile vehicles can carry one or more people, goods or animals for both professional and leisure purposes.
The module is characterized by the description and application of Industrial Engineering Methodologies, applicable to automotive products. In particular:

- IDeS Industrial Design Structure, for the organization of an industrial project
- DFSS Design For Six Sigma, for the systematic implementation of the project phases
- SDE Stylistic Design Engineering, for style-oriented design
- QFD Quality Function Delayment, oriented to market analysis
- Benchmarking, oriented to the analysis of the competition
- Top Flop Analysis to define the innovation objectives

The activities will find space within projects that simulate the creation of a product within the company.

Contents referable to the module of prof. Roberto Montanari

The object of this part of the course is the learning of the fundamentals of the so-called Informativa di Bordo: that part of the vehicle that concerns the interaction between the driver and the traditional and innovative contents that are provided to him while driving.
The module intends to investigate how the epochal transformations of the vehicle (autonomous driving, electrification, connectivity between vehicles and infrastructure, active and preventive safety systems) are directing designers to rethink many of the interactive practices inside and outside the passenger compartment. These interactive practices particularly concern the Human Machine Interface (HMI) of the car and the ergonomic processes, mainly cognitive, that must be introduced to face new design challenges.

The activity involves the study of the technologies that are changing the vehicle (automation, electrification and connectivity), the interaction technologies that are emerging (innovative displays, systems with voice and gestural interaction, etc.) and the principles of cognitive ergonomics and interaction designs needed to design new HMIs. The study phase will be accompanied by a phase of virtual prototyping and validation with the methodologies of ergonomic and experiential verification. Of course, the work in the classroom will be accompanied by cases and testimonies.

Readings/Bibliography

• Celaschi, F., Non Industrial Design, Luca Sossella editore, Milano 2017
• Casoni, G., Celaschi, F., Human Body design, Franco Angeli, Milano 2020
• Norman, D., Il Design del futuro, Apogeo, Milano 2008
• Frizziero, L. et al., Developing innovative crutch using IDeS (industrial design structure) methodology, Applied Sciences (Switzerland), Vol. 9, Iss. 23, 1 December 2019, nr. 5032
• Frizziero, L., Liverani, A., Nannini, L., Design for six sigma (DFSS) applied to a new eco-motorbike, Machines, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2019, nr. 52
• Montanari, R., Interaction Design nei sistemi intelligenti, MIMESIS, Milano 2020

Further references will be given by the teacher during the lessons.

Teaching methods

The course is divided into 3 phases:

• PHASE 1: seminar (ex cathedra lessons and seminars with face-to-face or digital guests)
• PHASE 2: analysis (the groups explore the topics that have been agreed with the teacher in both filed and desk modalities)
• PHASE 3: design and prototype (the analysis finds synthesis and form and focuses on the solution)

At the end of each phase, a presentation is required in the form of a summary slideshow that will be presented to all the students and will be evaluated as an intermediate progress assessment for each group.

Assessment methods

The exam consists in the evaluation of the final result of the project which will be mediated with the evaluations that the teachers will collectively give to the intermediate phase of analysis and to the active participation of students at all stages of the course.

Teaching tools

• Frontal lessons with slide show projection
• Visits to companies
• Testimonials and interventions by expert guests on thesubject
• Collective and individual reviews

Office hours

See the website of Flaviano Celaschi

See the website of Roberto Montanari