Teaching will be in seminar form, so students will need to attend all lessons, read the texts as and when assigned, and take an active part in the discussion.
Students attending at least 12 classes will be able to produce a written paper (8000 signs) .
Those unable to do so can always opt for an oral exam, as foreseen by the following programme : J. Osterhammel, The Transformation of the World. A Gobal History of the Nineteenth Century, Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2009 - chapters indicated in the previous section.
Thorough in-depth knowledge of the topics covered in the course, together with analytical and critical skills and command of the specific language, will qualify for top marks (30-30L).
A good grasp of the topics covered in the course, together with good critical analysis and command of the specific language, will qualify for high marks (27-29).
A more mechanical and less articulate grasp, and/or correct use of language though not always appropriate, will qualify for a medium-range mark (23-26).
Weak analytical capacity and frequently inappropriate language – together with some knowledge of exam material – will receive a pass mark or little more (18-22).
written papers